Table of contents
- 1. Introduction to Genetics51m
- 2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
- 3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
- 4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
- 5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
- 6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
- 7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
- 8. DNA Replication1h 10m
- 9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
- 10. Transcription1h 0m
- 11. Translation58m
- 12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
- 13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
- 14. Genetic Control of Development44m
- 15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
- 16. Transposable Elements47m
- 17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
- 18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- 19. Cancer Genetics29m
- 20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
- 21. Population Genetics50m
- 22. Evolutionary Genetics29m
2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance
Dihybrid Cross
2:15 minutes
Problem 7
Textbook Question
Textbook QuestionMendel crossed peas having round seeds and yellow cotyledons (seed leaves) with peas having wrinkled seeds and green cotyledons. All the F₁ plants had round seeds with yellow cotyledons. Diagram this cross through the F₂ generation, using both the Punnett square and forked-line, or branch diagram, methods.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Mendelian Genetics
Mendelian genetics is the study of how traits are inherited through generations, based on the principles established by Gregor Mendel. It involves understanding dominant and recessive alleles, where dominant traits mask the expression of recessive ones. In this case, round seeds and yellow cotyledons are dominant traits, while wrinkled seeds and green cotyledons are recessive.
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Descriptive Genetics
Punnett Square
A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the genotypes of offspring from a genetic cross. It organizes the possible combinations of alleles from each parent, allowing for a visual representation of inheritance patterns. In this scenario, the Punnett square will help illustrate the expected ratios of round versus wrinkled seeds and yellow versus green cotyledons in the F₂ generation.
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Chi Square Analysis
Forked-Line (Branch Diagram)
The forked-line or branch diagram is another method for visualizing genetic crosses, particularly useful for multiple traits. It systematically branches out the possible combinations of alleles, showing how each trait segregates independently. This method complements the Punnett square by providing a clear view of the inheritance of multiple traits, such as seed shape and cotyledon color in this cross.
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Branch Diagram
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