Which of the following does not describe a homologous chromosome?

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the definition of homologous chromosomes: Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes in a diploid organism which have the same structural features and gene sequence. They pair up during meiosis and are inherited from each parent.
2. Identify key characteristics of homologous chromosomes: They have genes for the same traits at the same loci, are similar in size and shape, and pair during meiosis.
3. Analyze the options given in the question to see which one does not match the characteristics of homologous chromosomes.
4. Consider any option that suggests the chromosomes do not pair during meiosis, have different gene sequences, or are not inherited one each from both parents.
5. Eliminate the options that correctly describe homologous chromosomes and select the one that does not fit the definition or characteristics.

Key Concepts

Homologous Chromosomes

Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes in a diploid organism that have the same structure and gene sequence, but may carry different alleles. One chromosome of each pair is inherited from each parent, ensuring genetic diversity. They play a crucial role during meiosis, where they undergo recombination and segregation.

Chromosome Structure

Chromosomes are composed of DNA and proteins, organized into a compact structure that allows for efficient packaging within the cell nucleus. Each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids joined at a centromere. Understanding the structure is essential for recognizing how homologous chromosomes align and interact during cell division.

Alleles

Alleles are different versions of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome. In homologous chromosomes, the alleles may be identical (homozygous) or different (heterozygous). The variation in alleles contributes to the genetic diversity of a population and is fundamental to the study of inheritance patterns.