Table of contents
- 1. Introduction to Genetics51m
- 2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
- 3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
- 4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
- 5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
- 6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
- 7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
- 8. DNA Replication1h 10m
- 9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
- 10. Transcription1h 0m
- 11. Translation58m
- 12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
- 13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
- 14. Genetic Control of Development44m
- 15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
- 16. Transposable Elements47m
- 17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
- 18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- 19. Cancer Genetics29m
- 20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
- 21. Population Genetics50m
- 22. Evolutionary Genetics29m
10. Transcription
Overview of Transcription
2:09 minutes
Problem 17
Textbook Question
Textbook QuestionDefine the process of transcription. Where does this process fit into the central dogma of molecular biology (DNA makes RNA makes protein)?
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Transcription
Transcription is the process by which the genetic information encoded in DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA). During transcription, RNA polymerase binds to a specific region of the DNA and synthesizes a complementary RNA strand based on the DNA template. This process is crucial for gene expression, as it allows the information in DNA to be translated into proteins.
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Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
The central dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information within a biological system, typically summarized as 'DNA makes RNA makes protein.' This framework outlines how DNA is transcribed into RNA during transcription, and subsequently, RNA is translated into proteins during translation. Understanding this concept is essential for grasping how genetic information is expressed and utilized in cells.
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RNA Polymerase
RNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA from a DNA template during transcription. It unwinds the DNA double helix and catalyzes the formation of RNA by adding ribonucleotides complementary to the DNA strand. The activity of RNA polymerase is critical for initiating and regulating the transcription process, making it a key player in gene expression.
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