Considering Problem 15, predict the number of different haploid cells that could be produced by meiosis if a fourth chromosome pair (W1 and W2) were added.

Key Concepts

Meiosis

Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in four haploid cells from one diploid cell. It consists of two sequential divisions: meiosis I, where homologous chromosomes are separated, and meiosis II, where sister chromatids are separated. This process is essential for sexual reproduction, as it produces gametes (sperm and eggs) with genetic diversity.

Haploid Cells

Haploid cells contain only one set of chromosomes, which is half the number found in diploid cells. In humans, for example, haploid cells have 23 chromosomes, while diploid cells have 46. The formation of haploid cells during meiosis is crucial for maintaining the species' chromosome number across generations when gametes fuse during fertilization.

Chromosome Pairing and Genetic Variation

During meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair up and can exchange genetic material through a process called crossing over. This genetic recombination increases genetic variation among the resulting haploid cells. The addition of a fourth chromosome pair (W1 and W2) would introduce more combinations of alleles, further enhancing the potential diversity of haploid cells produced.