Compare DNA transposons and retrotransposons. What properties do they share?

Key Concepts

DNA Transposons

DNA transposons, also known as 'jumping genes,' are segments of DNA that can move from one location to another within the genome. They typically replicate through a 'cut and paste' mechanism, where the transposon is excised from its original position and inserted into a new site. This mobility can lead to genetic diversity and can influence gene expression and genome structure.

Retrotransposons

Retrotransposons are a type of transposable element that replicate through an RNA intermediate. They are transcribed into RNA, which is then reverse-transcribed back into DNA and integrated into a new location in the genome. This process often involves the enzyme reverse transcriptase and can contribute to genomic evolution and variation.

Shared Properties of Transposons

Both DNA transposons and retrotransposons are mobile genetic elements that can change their position within the genome, contributing to genetic variability. They can both influence gene expression and play roles in evolution and adaptation. Additionally, both types can lead to mutations and genomic rearrangements, impacting the organism's phenotype.