A eukaryote with a diploid number of 2n=6 carries the chromosomes shown below and labeled (a) to (f).

Explain how you determined the correct alignment of homologous chromosomes on opposite sides of the metaphase plate. 

Key Concepts

Homologous Chromosomes

Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes in a diploid organism that have the same structure and gene sequence but may carry different alleles. Each pair consists of one chromosome inherited from each parent. Understanding their alignment is crucial during metaphase, as it ensures proper segregation during cell division.

Metaphase Plate

The metaphase plate is an imaginary plane that is equidistant from the two poles of a cell during metaphase of mitosis or meiosis. Chromosomes align along this plate, ensuring that each daughter cell receives an equal and accurate distribution of chromosomes. Proper alignment is essential for genetic stability.

Chromosome Pairing and Alignment

During metaphase, homologous chromosomes pair up and align along the metaphase plate. This process is facilitated by the synaptonemal complex during meiosis, which helps ensure that each homologous pair is correctly oriented. The correct alignment is vital for the accurate separation of chromosomes during anaphase.