Table of contents
- 1. Introduction to Genetics51m
- 2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
- 3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
- 4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
- 5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
- 6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
- 7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
- 8. DNA Replication1h 10m
- 9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
- 10. Transcription1h 0m
- 11. Translation58m
- 12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
- 13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
- 14. Genetic Control of Development44m
- 15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
- 16. Transposable Elements47m
- 17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
- 18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- 19. Cancer Genetics29m
- 20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
- 21. Population Genetics50m
- 22. Evolutionary Genetics29m
3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance
Understanding Independent Assortment
2:28 minutes
Problem 11c
Textbook Question
Textbook QuestionIn the rats identified in Problem 10, a third independently assorting gene involved in determination of coat color is the C gene. At this locus, the genotype C– permits expression of pigment from genes B and D. The cc genotype, however, prevents expression of coat color and results in albino rats. For each of the following crosses, determine the expected phenotype ratio of progeny.
BBDdcc×BbddCc
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Independent Assortment
Independent assortment is a fundamental principle of genetics that states genes for different traits segregate independently of one another during gamete formation. This means that the inheritance of one trait will not affect the inheritance of another, allowing for a variety of combinations in offspring. Understanding this concept is crucial for predicting the phenotypic ratios in genetic crosses.
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Genotype and Phenotype
The genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while the phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics resulting from the genotype and environmental influences. In the context of the question, the genotypes BBDdcc and BbddCc will produce different phenotypes based on the expression of the C gene, which is essential for determining coat color in rats.
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Epistasis
Epistasis occurs when the expression of one gene is affected by one or more other genes. In this case, the C gene is epistatic to the B and D genes, meaning that the presence of the cc genotype will mask the expression of coat color, resulting in albino rats regardless of the other alleles present. This concept is vital for understanding how to calculate the expected phenotype ratios in the given genetic cross.
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