For a eukaryotic gene whose transcription requires the a...

Question

For a eukaryotic gene whose transcription requires the activity of an enhancer sequence, explain how proteins bound at the enhancer interact with RNA pol II and transcription factors bound at the promoter.

Accepted Answer

Hi, everyone. Let's look at our next question which in the following best describes how enhancers and promoter regions of genes interact. A by direct physical contact B through binding with R N A polymerase C through binding with his stones or D through hydrolysis of A T P. So let's think about enhancers and promoters. So we know the promoter region of a gene is immediately upstream of the transcription start site and it's where R N A polymerase binds to initiate transcription. Meanwhile, enhancers are regulatory elements. They're called regulatory elements because they're on the same DNA strand as the gene, but they can be far distant from the gene upstream or downstream. So you have an enhancer and a promoter that can interact but can be very, very far away from each other physically on the DNA strand. But when they interact, they actually come in contact with each other. So how does that happen when they're very far away? And the answer is the formation of loops in the DNA. So the DNA forms this loop that allows these two distant elements to come in actual physical contact with each other. So that brings us to our answer which is choice a by direct physical contact. When we look at our other answer, choices, we see choice B binding with R N A polymerase. Well, this is just the promoter. So the promoter is where that R N A plumb race binds. But the enhancer being far away is not part of that binding with the R N A polymerase. So that's why choice B is not correct. And then choice is C and D binding with his stones. Hydrolysis of A T P are both involved in that DNA loop process in the formation of DNA loops. Uh sometimes A T P, the hydrolysis of A T P provides energy for this process. His stones are involved since this involves the movement of making of structures in chromatin. But our question is saying, how do the enhancers and promoters interact with each other? And that would be direct physical contact? The loop brings them in contact with each other. So that's why choice is C and D are not our answer here. So again, what best describes how enhancers and promoter regions of genes interact. Choice A by direct physical contact. See you in the next video.

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For a eukaryotic gene whose transcription requires the activity of an enhancer sequence, explain how proteins bound at the enhancer interact with RNA pol II and transcription factors bound at the promoter.