Table of contents
- 1. Introduction to Genetics51m
- 2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
- 3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
- 4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
- 5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
- 6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
- 7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
- 8. DNA Replication1h 10m
- 9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
- 10. Transcription1h 0m
- 11. Translation58m
- 12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
- 13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
- 14. Genetic Control of Development44m
- 15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
- 16. Transposable Elements47m
- 17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
- 18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- 19. Cancer Genetics29m
- 20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
- 21. Population Genetics50m
- 22. Evolutionary Genetics29m
7. DNA and Chromosome Structure
DNA Structure
Problem 5f
Textbook Question
One strand of a fragment of duplex DNA has the sequence 5'-ATCGACCTGATC-3'.
Which chemical groups of nucleotides react to form the bond in part (b)?
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1
<Identify the type of bond that forms between nucleotides in DNA.>
<Recall that nucleotides in DNA are linked by phosphodiester bonds.>
<Understand that a phosphodiester bond forms between the 3' hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the 5' phosphate group of the next nucleotide.>
<Recognize that the 3' hydroxyl group is part of the sugar component of the nucleotide, specifically deoxyribose in DNA.>
<Note that the 5' phosphate group is attached to the 5' carbon of the sugar in the nucleotide.>
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Nucleotide Structure
Nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA, consist of a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA), and a nitrogenous base. The sequence of these nucleotides encodes genetic information. Understanding the structure is crucial for identifying how they link together to form DNA strands.
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Phosphodiester Bond
Phosphodiester bonds are the covalent linkages that connect the 5' phosphate group of one nucleotide to the 3' hydroxyl group of another. This bond forms the backbone of the DNA strand, allowing for the stability and integrity of the genetic material.
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DNA Strand Orientation
DNA strands have directionality, indicated as 5' to 3'. This orientation is essential for understanding how nucleotides are added during DNA replication and transcription. The specific sequence provided in the question highlights the importance of recognizing the 5' and 3' ends when discussing chemical reactions between nucleotides.
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