11. Bonding & Molecular Structure
Resonance Structures
11. Bonding & Molecular Structure
Resonance Structures - Video Tutorials & Practice Problems
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Resonance Structures are used to represent the different possible bonding arrangements of a molecule.
Examining Resonance Structures
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concept
Resonance Structures
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Resonance Hybrid is made up of all the major resonance structures.
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example
Resonance Structures Example 1
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Problem
ProblemDraw all possible resonance structures for the chlorate ion, ClO3–?
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example
Resonance Structures Example 2
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Average Charge is the charge of an element from overall charges of ALL its resonance structures.
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Problem
ProblemDetermine the average charge of the oxygen atoms within the chlorite ion, ClO2–.
A
+1/2
B
-1/2
C
+1
D
-1
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Problem
ProblemDetermine which of the following drawings would be the best structure for the N2O molecule.
a) a
b) b
c) c
d) All are equally stable
A
a
B
b
C
c
D
All are equally stable
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Problem
ProblemWhich of the following phosphate, PO43- Lewis structures is the best, most valid resonance structure?
A
B
C
D
E
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Problem
ProblemDraw all the resonance structures for the following ionic compound:RbIO2
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PRACTICE PROBLEMS AND ACTIVITIES (50)
- Which of the following pairs represent resonance structures? (LO 7.13) (a) (b) (c)
- The structure for the DNA base cytosine is shown. Which of the following is not a resonance structure of cyt...
- Use formal charge to select which resonance structure makes the largest contribution to the resonance hybrid. ...
- Draw Lewis structures for the following: (f) NO3-.
- For each of the following molecules or ions of sulfur and oxygen, write a single Lewis structure that obeys th...
- Consider the formate ion, HCO2-, which is the anion formed when formic acid loses an H+ ion. The H and the two...
- Using only the elements P, Br, and Mg, give formulas for the following. (b) A molecular compound with polar co...
- Mothballs are composed of naphthalene, C10H8, a molecule that consists of two six-membered rings of carbon fus...
- Mothballs are composed of naphthalene, C10H8, a molecule that consists of two six-membered rings of carbon fus...
- Using only the elements Ca, Cl, and Si, give formulas for the following. (b) A molecular compound with polar c...
- Write a Lewis structure that obeys the octet rule for each molecule or ion. Include resonance structures if ne...
- Write a Lewis structure that obeys the octet rule for each ion. Include resonance structures if necessary and ...
- In the sulphate ion, SO42-, the sulphur atom is the central atom with the other 4 oxygen atoms attached to it....
- In the sulphate ion, SO42-, the sulphur atom is the central atom with the other 4 oxygen atoms attached to it...
- (a) Describe the molecule xenon trioxide, XeO3, using four possible Lewis structures, one each with zero, one...
- There are many Lewis structures you could draw for sulfuric acid, H2SO4 (each H is bonded to an O). (b) What L...
- How important is the resonance structure shown here to the overall structure of carbon dioxide? Explain.
- The hypochlorite ion, ClO-, acts as a weak base. (b) When ClO- acts as a base, which atom, Cl or O, acts as th...
- Some chemists believe that satisfaction of the octet rule should be the top criterion for choosing the domina...
- Draw the Lewis structure (including resonance structures) for the acetate ion (CH3COO- ). For each resonance s...
- Draw the Lewis structure (including resonance structures) for methyl azide (CH3N3). For each resonance structu...
- Draw as many resonance structures as you can for the following nitrogen-containing compounds. Not all will obe...
- Draw as many resonance structures as you can for the following nitrogen-containing compounds. Not all will obe...
- Which of the following pairs of structures represent resonance forms, and which do not? (a)
- Each compound contains both ionic and covalent bonds. Write ionic Lewis structures for each, including the co...
- Each compound contains both ionic and covalent bonds. Write ionic Lewis structures for each, including the cov...
- A major challenge in implementing the 'hydrogen economy' is finding a safe, lightweight, and compact way of s...
- Carbon ring structures are common in organic chemistry. Draw a Lewis structure for each carbon ring structure...
- Benzene has the following structural formula. (b) Which statement best describes the carbon–carbon bonds in b...
- Draw three resonance structures for sulfur tetroxide, SO4, whose connections are shown below. (This is a neutr...
- The hypochlorite ion, ClO-, is the active ingredient in bleach. The perchlorate ion, ClO4-, is a main compone...
- The following three Lewis structures can be drawn for N2O: (b) The N¬N bond length in N2O is 112 pm, slightly...
- Diazomethane is a highly poisonous, explosive compound because it readily evolves N2. Diazomethane has the fo...
- Four different structures (a), (b), (c), and (d) can be drawn for compounds named dibromobenzene, but only thr...
- 1,2-dihydroxybenzene is obtained when two of the adjacent hydrogen atoms in benzene are replaced with an OH gr...
- The cyanate ion (OCN- ) and the fulminate ion (CNO- ) share the same three atoms but have vastly different pro...
- Assign formal charges to the atoms in the following structures. Which of the two do you think is the more impo...
- Sodium azide is a shock-sensitive compound that releases N2 upon physical impact. The compound is used in auto...
- Draw the resonance structure indicated by the curved arrows. Assign formal charges, and evaluate which of the ...
- The structure of borazine, B3N3H6, is a six-membered ring of alternating B and N atoms. There is one H atom b...
- The azide ion, N3- , is a symmetrical ion, all of whose contributing resonance structures have formal charges....
- In the cyanate ion, OCN-, carbon is the central atom. (b) Which resonance structure makes the greatest contrib...
- The dichromate ion, Cr2O72-, has neither Cr¬Cr nor O¬O bonds. (a) Taking both 4s and 3d electrons into accou...
- Sulfur tetrafluoride 1SF42 reacts slowly with O2 to form sulfur tetrafluoride monoxide 1OSF42 according to the...
- Draw the Lewis structures for three resonance forms of the nitrate ion, NO3−. Include electron lone pairs, and...
- The formate ion, HCO2−, is formed when formic acid dissolves in water. A number of possible resonance structur...
- Which resonance forms of silicon dioxide contribute the most to the actual bonding?
- Using formal charges, which of these three resonance forms is likely to be the most important?
- Draw the Lewis structures for three resonance forms of the nitrate ion, NO-3. Include electron lone pairs, and...
- What features do all the resonance forms of a molecule or ion have in common?