Naming Benzene - Video Tutorials & Practice Problems
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concept
Monosubstituted Benzene
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30s
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In this video, we're going to take a look at naming monosubstituted benzenes. Here we're going to say a monosubstituted benzene is a compound where benzene is the parent chain with only 1 substituent. Now here this represents the simplest benzene to name, and because there's only 1 substituent, the location of that substituent is not necessary. So in terms of our naming convention, we have our substituent name followed by the end of the name as benzene.
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example
Naming Benzene Example
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48s
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For this example question it says, give a systematic name of the following compound. So here we have Benzene, and connected to it is this alkyl group. Now this alkyl group has 4 carbons involved, which means that it could represent butyl, isobutyl, sec butyl, or tert butyl. Here we'd say, based on the way it looks, we have our connection on this carbon here, which is connected to 3 methyl groups. This represents a tert butyl. So the name of the alkyl group would be tert butyl, remember there's a hyphen there, and it's connected to a benzene. So we end the name with Benzene. So this would be the name of our given compound, tert butylbenzene.
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concept
Disubstituted Benzene
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2m
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Everyone. So in this video, we're gonna take a look at disubstitutivebenzenes, which are compounds where benzene is the parent chain, and it has 2 substituents. Now these substituents are numbered in alphabetical order. So if we have for example, Fluorine and Bromine, bromo comes before fluoro, so we'd start numbering at the bromo position. Now here, this would tell us in terms of the naming convention, we'd say the location of each substituent, and at the end of the name we'd say Benzene. Now, Benzene itself is pretty unique because we could number where these 2 substituents are numerically as 12, 13, or 14, or we could do a brand new way of designating their locations in the form of ortho, meta, and para. Here in this example, these are all dichlorobenzenes. The chlorines are in different locations. Now here, they're in positions 12 in this first image. Here when they're in the positions 12, we say 12 dichloro or we could say ortho. In the next one, they are 13 to each other, so instead of saying 13 dichloro, we could say meta dichloro. And then finally, there are positions 14 here, so we have 14 dichlorobenzene, or we could say paradichlorobenzene. Now, the 2 substituents don't have to be the same, they could be the same or they can be different from each other. This ortho, meta, and para convention still would work. Now our memory tool here to help us remember the order is order more pizza. Now I know in college, a lot of us kinda survive on pizza, at least that's the way it was for me when I was in college. So order more pizza gives us the letter designation of 12, 13, and 14. Order 12, ortho, more, 13, meta, and pizza, 14, para. Alright? So keep that in mind. We can name these 2 substituents by our traditional numerical method, or we could do ortho, meta, and para.
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example
Naming Benzene Example
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1m
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Here in this example question it says, give a systematic name of the following compound. In this compound, we have our benzene ring connected to 2 alkyl groups, which happen to be ethyl groups. They're both 2 carbon chains. Now here you could start numbering on either carbon position on Benzene because they're both the same. So this could be 123, or you could go the other way, 123, 5 and 6. So we have 2 apples in positions 13, so their numerical location is 13. There's 2 of them that are the same, so it's di, and they are ethyl, and we end the name with Benzene. So this would be our systematic name. So this would be our answer. Now, if they wanted us to give the common name if we wanted to with the use of ortho, meta, or para. Since it's 13, we'd say that the more common way of naming it is meta diethyl Benzene. Although the question doesn't ask this, I'm giving it to you just so you can see the differences between the two answers. Okay? But our official answer is 13 Diethylbenzene.