Copper corrodes to cuprous oxide, Cu2O, or cupric oxide, CuO, depending on environmental conditions. (a) What is the oxidation state of copper in cuprous oxide?

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the chemical formula for cuprous oxide, which is \( \text{Cu}_2\text{O} \).
2. Recognize that oxygen typically has an oxidation state of \(-2\).
3. Let the oxidation state of copper in \( \text{Cu}_2\text{O} \) be \( x \).
4. Set up the equation based on the compound's neutrality: \( 2x + (-2) = 0 \).
5. Solve the equation for \( x \) to find the oxidation state of copper in cuprous oxide.

Key Concepts

Oxidation State

The oxidation state, or oxidation number, is a measure of the degree of oxidation of an atom in a compound. It indicates the number of electrons that an atom can gain, lose, or share when forming chemical bonds. In cuprous oxide (Cu2O), understanding the oxidation state of copper is essential for determining its role in the compound's formation and reactivity.

Cuprous vs. Cupric Compounds

Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) and cupric oxide (CuO) are two different oxides of copper, distinguished by the oxidation state of copper. In cuprous oxide, copper has an oxidation state of +1, while in cupric oxide, it has an oxidation state of +2. Recognizing these differences is crucial for predicting the behavior of copper in various chemical reactions and environmental conditions.

Environmental Conditions and Corrosion

Environmental conditions, such as pH, temperature, and the presence of moisture or other chemicals, significantly influence the corrosion process of metals like copper. These factors determine whether copper will oxidize to form cuprous oxide or cupric oxide. Understanding how these conditions affect oxidation states helps in predicting corrosion behavior and developing strategies for prevention.