The strength of alcoholic beverages like beer, wine, and spirits is typically expressed in units of alcohol by volume or abv. The abv is calculated by dividing the volume of ethanol (C2H5OH) by the total volume of solution. If the abv of a strong beer like a doppelbock is 8.0%, we can express the concentration in other units from the density of H2O and C2H5OH, which are 1.0 g/mL and 0.79 g/mL at 20°C, respectively. What is the concentration of this beer in

a. mass percent (also known as alcohol by weight or abw),

b. mole percent,

c. molarity,

d. molality?