The diagrams shown represent an emulsion, a true solution, and a liquid crystal. The colored balls represent different liquid molecules. Which diagram corresponds to which type of mixture? [Section 13.6]

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the characteristics of each type of mixture: An emulsion is a mixture where tiny droplets of one liquid are dispersed in another liquid, a true solution is a homogeneous mixture where the solute is completely dissolved in the solvent, and a liquid crystal has properties between those of conventional liquids and solid crystals.
2. Examine the diagrams and look for a diagram where the colored balls are uniformly mixed without distinct separation, which would indicate a true solution.
3. Look for a diagram where the colored balls are grouped into clusters, with each cluster representing droplets of one liquid in another, indicating an emulsion.
4. Identify a diagram that shows an organized structure of colored balls, which might suggest the ordered nature of liquid crystals.
5. Match each diagram to the corresponding type of mixture based on the observed characteristics and organization of the colored balls in each diagram.

Key Concepts

Emulsions

Emulsions are mixtures of two immiscible liquids, where one liquid is dispersed in the other in the form of tiny droplets. Common examples include oil and water mixtures, which require an emulsifying agent to stabilize the dispersion. The appearance of emulsions can vary, often appearing cloudy due to the light scattering by the dispersed droplets.

True Solutions

A true solution is a homogeneous mixture where solute particles are completely dissolved in a solvent, resulting in a clear and transparent appearance. The solute particles are at the molecular or ionic level and cannot be separated by filtration. Examples include saltwater and sugar dissolved in water, where the solute is evenly distributed throughout the solvent.

Liquid Crystals

Liquid crystals are substances that exhibit properties of both liquids and solids, particularly in their molecular arrangement. They can flow like a liquid but have some degree of order, which allows them to exhibit unique optical properties. Liquid crystals are commonly used in display technologies, such as LCD screens, where their alignment can be manipulated by electric fields.