So now, weak bases. Recall these patterns for identification, so they're a bit different. So we're going to have to just memorize them here. We're going to say weak bases include from Group 2A, beryllium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide. And then also we have ammonium hydroxide or neutral amines.
Now what exactly is going to mean? Well, an amine is a compound that contains only nitrogen and hydrogen. For example, ammonia is an amine which is NH3, and an amine could be a compound that contains carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen. So an example here would be methylamine which is CH3NH2. These are two examples of amines; they can have either just nitrogen and hydrogen or carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen.
Now for non-electrolytes, these don't break up at all when put into a solvent, so they consist of molecular/covalent compounds. So those are interchangeable that never dissolve into ions. So here we'd have AB solid and when I throw it into water, it becomes surrounded by the water, so we'd say AB aqueous.
Non-electrolytes include water, sugars, and alcohols. So sugars are compounds with a molecular formula of CnH2N2On. Glucose is an example of this because it's C6H12O6. Sucrose is also a sugar. It doesn't fit this formula exactly as nicely, but it's C12H22O11. So with sugars at this point, these are the two most common ones that you would see.
Alcohols, on the other hand, are covalent compounds with C&H connected to OH. So methanol is CH3 connected to OH and phenol is C6H5 connected to OH. So in both, they have carbon and hydrogen in the beginning and then they have the OH following it up. OK, so the new OH here at the end. So again, water, sugars, and alcohols constitute non-electrolytes. They don't break up at all within our solvent.
