Open Question
How much heat (in kJ) is required to warm 10.0 g of ice, initially at -10.0 °C, to steam at 110.0 °C? The heat capacity of ice is 2.09 J/g°C, and that of steam is 2.01 J/g°C.
Ch.11 - Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces
Chapter 11, Problem 74
Consider the phase diagram for iodine shown here. a. What is the normal boiling point for iodine? b. What is the melting point for iodine at 1 atm? c. What state is present at room temperature and normal atmospheric pressure? d. What state is present at 186 °C and 1.0 atm?
Verified step by step guidance1
<Step 1: Understand the phase diagram. A phase diagram shows the state of a substance at various temperatures and pressures. Identify the axes: typically, pressure is on the y-axis and temperature on the x-axis.>
<Step 2: Locate the normal boiling point. The normal boiling point is the temperature at which the substance transitions from liquid to gas at 1 atm pressure. Find the point on the diagram where the liquid-gas boundary intersects 1 atm.>
<Step 3: Determine the melting point at 1 atm. The melting point is where the substance transitions from solid to liquid at 1 atm. Locate the point on the diagram where the solid-liquid boundary intersects 1 atm.>
<Step 4: Identify the state at room temperature and normal atmospheric pressure. Room temperature is approximately 25 °C, and normal atmospheric pressure is 1 atm. Find this point on the diagram and determine which region (solid, liquid, or gas) it falls into.>
<Step 5: Determine the state at 186 °C and 1.0 atm. Locate this point on the phase diagram and identify which region it falls into to determine the state of iodine at these conditions.>
Related Practice
Open Question
How much heat (in kJ) is evolved in converting 1.00 mol of steam at 145 °C to ice at -50 °C? The heat capacity of steam is 2.01 J/g°C, and that of ice is 2.09 J/g°C.
Textbook Question
Consider the phase diagram shown here. Identify the states present at points a through g.
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Textbook Question
Nitrogen has a normal boiling point of 77.3 K and a melting point (at 1 atm) of 63.1 K. Its critical temperature is 126.2 K and its critical pressure is 2.55×104 torr. It has a triple point at 63.1 K and 94.0 torr. Sketch the phase diagram for nitrogen. Does nitrogen have a stable liquid state at 1 atm?
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Textbook Question
Argon has a normal boiling point of 87.2 K and a melting point (at 1 atm) of 84.1 K. Its critical temperature is 150.8 K and its critical pressure is 48.3 atm. It has a triple point at 83.7 K and 0.68 atm. Sketch the phase diagram for argon. Which has the greater density, solid argon or liquid argon?
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Textbook Question
The phase diagram for sulfur is shown here. The rhombic and monoclinic states are two solid states with different structures. a. Below what pressure does solid sulfur sublime?
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