Table of contents

1. Intro to General Chemistry3h 46m
2. Atoms & Elements4h 16m
3. Chemical Reactions4h 10m
4. BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
5. BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions48m
6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions3h 51m
7. Gases3h 52m
8. Thermochemistry2h 38m
9. Quantum Mechanics2h 58m
10. Periodic Properties of the Elements3h 10m
11. Bonding & Molecular Structure3h 29m
12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory1h 57m
13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces2h 23m
14. Solutions3h 1m
15. Chemical Kinetics2h 53m
16. Chemical Equilibrium2h 29m
17. Acid and Base Equilibrium5h 1m
18. Aqueous Equilibrium4h 47m
19. Chemical Thermodynamics1h 50m
20. Electrochemistry2h 42m
21. Nuclear Chemistry2h 34m
22. Organic Chemistry5h 7m
23. Chemistry of the Nonmetals2h 39m
24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds3h 16m

11. Bonding & Molecular Structure

Lewis Dot Structures: Ions

General Chemistry

11. Bonding & Molecular Structure

Lewis Dot Structures: Ions

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Multiple Choice

Draw the Lewis Dot Structure for ammonium chloride, NH₄Cl.

Lewis Dot Structure for ammonium ion, NH4+, with chloride ion, Cl-.

Lewis Dot Structure for ammonium ion, NH4+, showing a lone pair on nitrogen, with chloride ion, Cl-.

Lewis Dot Structure for ammonium ion, NH4+, with a bond to chloride ion, Cl-.

Lewis Dot Structure for ammonium ion, NH4+, showing a lone pair on nitrogen, with bond to chloride ion, Cl-.

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Verified step by step guidance

Identify the components of ammonium chloride: NH4+ (ammonium ion) and Cl- (chloride ion).

Draw the Lewis structure for the ammonium ion, NH4+. Nitrogen (N) is the central atom, surrounded by four hydrogen (H) atoms. Each N-H bond is a single bond.

Since the ammonium ion has a positive charge, it means one electron is removed from the nitrogen atom, resulting in a formal charge of +1 on the nitrogen.

Draw the Lewis structure for the chloride ion, Cl-. Chlorine (Cl) has seven valence electrons and gains one electron to complete its octet, resulting in a formal charge of -1.

Combine the ammonium ion and chloride ion structures to represent the ionic compound ammonium chloride, NH4Cl. The overall structure should show NH4+ and Cl- as separate entities, indicating the ionic bond between them.