Mothballs are composed of naphthalene, C₁₀H₈, a molecule that consists of two six-membered rings of carbon fused along an edge, as shown in this incomplete Lewis structure:(a) Draw all of the resonance structures of naphthalene. How many are there?

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the structure of naphthalene, C_{10}H_{8}, which consists of two fused benzene rings.
2. Recall that benzene rings exhibit resonance, meaning that the electrons are delocalized over the carbon atoms.
3. For naphthalene, consider the delocalization of electrons across the entire structure, not just within individual rings.
4. Draw the first resonance structure by placing alternating single and double bonds around the rings, ensuring each carbon has four bonds.
5. Draw the second resonance structure by shifting the position of the double bonds, maintaining the delocalization of electrons across the rings.

Key Concepts

Resonance Structures

Resonance structures are different Lewis structures for the same molecule that depict the delocalization of electrons. In naphthalene, the pi electrons are shared between the two fused benzene rings, leading to multiple valid structures that contribute to the overall electron distribution. These structures help illustrate the stability and reactivity of the molecule.

Lewis Structures

Lewis structures are diagrams that represent the bonding between atoms in a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons. They provide a visual way to understand how atoms are connected and the arrangement of electrons. For naphthalene, drawing the Lewis structure involves placing the carbon and hydrogen atoms correctly and ensuring that the octet rule is satisfied for each carbon atom.

Delocalization of Electrons

Delocalization of electrons refers to the phenomenon where electrons are not confined to a single bond or atom but are spread over several atoms. In naphthalene, the delocalized pi electrons across the carbon rings contribute to the molecule's stability and unique properties. This concept is crucial for understanding the resonance structures and the overall behavior of aromatic compounds.