Table of contents
- 0. Review of Algebra4h 16m
- 1. Equations & Inequalities3h 18m
- 2. Graphs of Equations43m
- 3. Functions2h 17m
- 4. Polynomial Functions1h 44m
- 5. Rational Functions1h 23m
- 6. Exponential & Logarithmic Functions2h 28m
- 7. Systems of Equations & Matrices4h 6m
- 8. Conic Sections2h 23m
- 9. Sequences, Series, & Induction1h 19m
- 10. Combinatorics & Probability1h 45m
0. Review of Algebra
Factoring Polynomials
Problem 29c
Textbook Question
Write each rational expression in lowest terms. 8m^2 + 6m - 9 / 16m^2 - 9
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1
Factor the numerator \(8m^2 + 6m - 9\). Look for two numbers that multiply to \(8 \times -9 = -72\) and add to \(6\).
Rewrite the middle term \(6m\) using the two numbers found, and factor by grouping.
Factor the denominator \(16m^2 - 9\) as a difference of squares: \((4m)^2 - 3^2\).
Express the denominator as \((4m - 3)(4m + 3)\).
Cancel any common factors between the numerator and the denominator to simplify the expression.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Rational Expressions
A rational expression is a fraction where both the numerator and the denominator are polynomials. To work with rational expressions, it is essential to understand how to manipulate polynomials, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Simplifying these expressions often involves factoring both the numerator and denominator to identify common factors.
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Factoring Polynomials
Factoring polynomials is the process of breaking down a polynomial into simpler components, or factors, that when multiplied together yield the original polynomial. Common techniques include factoring out the greatest common factor (GCF), using the difference of squares, and applying the quadratic formula for quadratic expressions. This step is crucial for simplifying rational expressions to their lowest terms.
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Lowest Terms
A rational expression is said to be in lowest terms when the numerator and denominator have no common factors other than 1. To achieve this, one must factor both the numerator and denominator completely and then cancel any common factors. This process ensures that the expression is simplified as much as possible, making it easier to work with in further calculations.
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