MAKE CONNECTIONS Which chemical group is most likely to be responsible for an organic molecule behaving as a base? a. hydroxyl b. carbonyl c. amino d. phosphate

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the question. The question is asking which chemical group makes an organic molecule behave as a base. A base is a substance that can accept a proton (H+) or donate a pair of valence electrons.
2. Step 2: Review the properties of the given chemical groups. Hydroxyl groups (-OH) are polar and can form hydrogen bonds, but they do not typically act as bases. Carbonyl groups (>C=O) are also polar and can participate in hydrogen bonding, but they are not typically basic. Phosphate groups (-OPO3^2-) are negatively charged and can donate protons, making them acidic rather than basic.
3. Step 3: Consider the amino group (-NH2). Amino groups can accept a proton to form -NH3+, which is a characteristic of bases. Therefore, they can make an organic molecule behave as a base.
4. Step 4: Compare the properties of all the groups. Based on the properties of the given groups, the amino group is the most likely to make an organic molecule behave as a base.
5. Step 5: Choose the correct answer. The answer is c. amino.

Key Concepts

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. They determine the properties and reactivity of organic compounds. Understanding functional groups is essential for predicting how molecules will behave in biological systems.

Amino Group

The amino group (-NH2) is a functional group that consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms. It is known for its basic properties, as it can accept a proton (H+) in solution, making it a key component in amino acids and proteins. This group plays a crucial role in the structure and function of biological molecules.

Acid-Base Chemistry

Acid-base chemistry involves the transfer of protons (H+) between molecules, which defines their acidic or basic nature. Bases are substances that can accept protons, while acids donate protons. Understanding this concept is vital for analyzing how different functional groups, like the amino group, influence the behavior of organic molecules in biological contexts.