Plantlike photosynthesis that releases O2 occurs in a. cyanobacteria. b. archaea. c. gram-positive bacteria. d. chemoautotrophic bacteria.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the organisms that are capable of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and some microorganisms to convert light energy into chemical energy.
2. Recognize that O2 (oxygen) release during photosynthesis occurs in organisms that have chlorophyll and perform oxygenic photosynthesis.
3. Eliminate options that do not typically perform oxygenic photosynthesis. Archaea, gram-positive bacteria, and chemoautotrophic bacteria do not perform plantlike photosynthesis that releases O2.
4. Understand that cyanobacteria are equipped with chlorophyll and perform a type of photosynthesis similar to that of green plants, which includes the splitting of water molecules to release oxygen.
5. Conclude that the correct answer is 'a. cyanobacteria.' because they are known for their ability to perform oxygenic photosynthesis similar to that of green plants.

Key Concepts

Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is the biological process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy, using carbon dioxide and water to produce glucose and oxygen. This process is essential for life on Earth as it provides the primary energy source for nearly all ecosystems and contributes to the atmospheric oxygen levels.

Cyanobacteria

Cyanobacteria, often referred to as blue-green algae, are a group of photosynthetic bacteria that can perform oxygenic photosynthesis. They are significant contributors to the Earth's oxygen supply and are known for their ability to thrive in diverse environments, including extreme conditions. Their role in the evolution of life on Earth is crucial, as they were among the first organisms to produce oxygen.

Chemoautotrophy

Chemoautotrophy is a metabolic process where organisms obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic substances, such as hydrogen sulfide or ammonia, rather than through photosynthesis. Chemoautotrophic bacteria play a vital role in nutrient cycling, particularly in environments devoid of sunlight, but they do not produce oxygen as a byproduct, distinguishing them from photosynthetic organisms.