Introduction to the Cell Cycle - Video Tutorials & Practice Problems
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Introduction to the Cell Cycle
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Video transcript
In this video, we're going to begin our introduction to the sell cycle. Now this image that you see down below right here is the image of the sell cycle. So every time we're talking about the sell cycle, we're really referring to this image. And so this image of the sell cycle is really just a representation of the events that a cell performs from the moment that that cell is first formed to the moment where the cell divides and replicates to form multiple cells. Now the cell cycle itself is broken down into 2 major phases. And we have these 2 major phases color coded here, the first one here is number 1 and the second one here is number 2. Now the first major phase of the sell cycle is interphase. And so, interphase again is color coded in orange down below in our image. And So you'll notice, all of this region that's in orange here represents interphase. And so you can see that interphase here makes up the vast majority of the cell cycle, And interphase is really a non dividing phase where the cell is not dividing and instead it's going to be, essentially doing its normal function and preparing to divide. So it's going to be, growing, it's going to be a phase for cell growth, DNA replication, and production of organelles and enzymes. And what you'll notice is that within all of interphase, again, which represents all of this right here, there are smaller sub phases within interphase. You'll notice that branching off of interphase over here we have G0, which is branching here off of Interphase. But then also within, the Interphase block here we have the g one phase, the S phase, and the G2 phase. And so all of these are smaller subphases that are found within the major phase of interphase. And so that's exactly what we're saying down below here is that this major phase of interphase includes 4 smaller sub phases which are again g0, g 1, s, and g 2 sub phases. And moving forward in our course, we'll be able to talk more details about each of these sub phases and interphase itself. Now notice that the second major phase here is over here in blue, and this is the m phase or the mitotic phase. And so the m phase or the the mitotic phase, kind of includes that word mitosis, and so you know that this is going to be a dividing phase. And it's going to be important for separating the genetic material while producing multiple cells since it is a dividing phase. And so what you'll notice is that the M phase is actually going to consist of both mitosis itself, but also it consists of another process called Cytokinesis, which we'll get to talk more about what that is later in our course. But, you'll also notice that within the phase, within the process of mitosis itself, it consists of 5 smaller sub phases, which again we will discuss later in our course. But the whole point here is that the second major, sub the second major phase here is the M phase. And the M phase, consists of both Mitosis and Cytokinesis as well. And Mitosis has these 5 smaller sub phases that we'll get to talk about later which are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. And so, this here concludes our introduction to the cell cycle and how it represents what the events that a cell performs from the moment it's first formed to the moment it divides, and it consists of 2 major, phases. It consists of interphase, which is all of this in orange, which consists of smaller sub phases g0, g1, s, and g2, And then it also consists of the M phase which consists of mitosis and cytokinesis. And mitosis consists of these 5 smaller subphases, prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. And once again, we'll get to talk more about all of these different steps as we move forward in our course. This is just the introduction. And so, I'll see you all in our next video.
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Problem
Problem
Before a cell divides, what must occur?
A
Duplicating the cell's organelles
B
Replicating the cell's genome
C
Duplicating enzymes needed for cellular division
D
All of the above must occur before a cell can divide
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Problem
Problem
When cells exit either semi-permanently or permanently from the cell cycle and develop a specific function, they are said to be in _____ phase.