Seed Plants quiz Flashcards

Gymnosperms produce naked seeds not enclosed by an ovary, while angiosperms produce seeds enclosed within a fruit.

The male and female reproductive structures in gymnosperms are called sporangia, which are typically found in cones.

Plants that have both male and female sporangia on the same plant are called monoecious.

Conifers have needle-like leaves with a very thick cuticle that helps prevent water loss.

The pollen tube digests its way through the megasporangium to deliver sperm to the eggs for fertilization.

The two main groups of angiosperms are monocots, which have one cotyledon, and eudicots, which have two cotyledons.

Petals are modified leaves that often attract pollinators with their colors and patterns.

Complete flowers have sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils, while incomplete flowers are missing one or more of these structures.

A perfect flower has both male (stamen) and female (pistil) reproductive structures.

Monoecious angiosperms have both male and female flowers on the same plant, while dioecious angiosperms have male and female flowers on separate plants.

Cross-pollination is the transfer of pollen from one plant to another, promoting genetic diversity, which is preferred in angiosperms.

Double fertilization involves one sperm fertilizing the egg to form a zygote and another sperm fertilizing the polar nuclei to form the endosperm.

The endosperm provides nutritional support to the developing embryo within the seed.

The main parts of a carpel are the stigma, style, and ovary.

The stamen is the male part of the flower that produces pollen, consisting of the filament and anther.