Roots and Shoots definitions Flashcards

Underground plant structures that absorb water and nutrients, anchor the plant, and store energy-rich compounds like sugars.

Above-ground plant structures responsible for photosynthesis, gas exchange, and reproduction, including stems, leaves, and flowers.

Organelle in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs, converting sunlight into chemical energy using chlorophyll, the green pigment that absorbs light.

A large, membrane-bound organelle in plant cells that stores water, nutrients, and waste, and helps maintain cell rigidity by exerting turgor pressure against the cell wall.

Channels between plant cells that allow for the transport of materials and cell signaling.

A primary root that grows vertically downward, becoming the central, dominant root from which smaller lateral roots branch out.

Roots that branch off from the main root, increasing surface area for water and nutrient absorption, and aiding in plant stability.

Roots that develop from non-root tissues, such as stems or leaves, often aiding in support, propagation, or nutrient absorption.

Points on a plant stem where leaves, branches, or buds originate, crucial for plant growth and development.

The segment of a plant stem between two nodes, where no leaves or buds grow, allowing for elongation and spacing of leaves and branches.