Musculoskeletal System exam Flashcards

Muscle cells that contain myofibrils and are involved in muscle contraction.

A mechanism explaining how actin and myosin filaments slide past each other to cause muscle contraction.

The synapse between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber where acetylcholine triggers muscle contraction.

Fast-twitch fibers for rapid, short bursts of energy and slow-twitch fibers for endurance.

The basic contractile unit of muscle fiber, composed of actin and myosin filaments.

It binds to receptors at the neuromuscular junction, triggering an action potential that leads to muscle contraction.

An internal skeleton made of bones and cartilage that supports movement and protects organs.

An oxygen-binding protein that stores oxygen for muscle use during high demand.

Cells that form new bone tissue.

Voluntary muscles are controlled by conscious thought (e.g., skeletal muscles), while involuntary muscles are controlled by unconscious signals (e.g., smooth and cardiac muscles).

A protein that blocks myosin binding sites on actin filaments, preventing contraction until moved by troponin.

It releases calcium ions in response to an action potential, which then bind to troponin to initiate contraction.

Connective tissues that link bones together.

Pairs of muscles that work in opposition to each other, such as biceps (flexor) and triceps (extensor).

A single motor neuron and the muscle fibers it controls.

A sustained muscle contraction resulting from high-frequency action potentials.

A protein that forms thin filaments in muscle fibers and interacts with myosin for contraction.

Connective tissues that link muscles to bones.

A protein that forms thick filaments in muscle fibers and interacts with actin for contraction.

Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle.

Structures that define the boundaries of a sarcomere and anchor actin filaments.

ATP binds to myosin heads, allowing them to attach to actin and perform the power stroke for contraction.

Elastic tissue containing collagen, found in joints, tendons, and ligaments.

It contains red and yellow bone marrow, important for blood cell production.

A calcium-sensitive protein that moves tropomyosin to expose myosin binding sites on actin.

Joints that allow movement in a single plane, such as the knee and elbow.

Cells that reabsorb bone tissue.

It regulates involuntary muscles, such as smooth and cardiac muscles.

Joints that allow for a wide range of motion, such as the hip and shoulder.