Life Cycle of Sexual Reproducers quiz Flashcards
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- What must occur before meiosis can take place in a diploid cell?Interphase must occur, during which the cell replicates its DNA and makes proteins for cell division.
- What are the three phases of interphase?The three phases of interphase are G1 phase, S phase, and G2 phase.
- During which phase of interphase does DNA replication occur?DNA replication occurs during the S phase of interphase.
- How is meiosis different from mitosis in terms of the type of cells it produces?Meiosis produces four genetically diverse haploid gametes, whereas mitosis regenerates the same types of cells.
- What is the end result of meiosis?The end result of meiosis is four genetically diverse haploid gametes.
- What is a diploid germ cell?A diploid germ cell is a cell with two copies of every chromosome that acts as the precursor for making gametes.
- What are gametes?Gametes are sex cells, either sperm or eggs, that are haploid.
- What does the term 'haploid' mean?Haploid means having a single set of unpaired chromosomes.
- What is cytokinesis and when does it occur during meiosis?Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm and it occurs after both meiosis I and meiosis II.
- How many genetically diverse cells are produced at the end of meiosis?Four genetically diverse haploid cells are produced at the end of meiosis.
- What is the significance of genetic diversity in gametes?Genetic diversity in gametes is important for variation in offspring, which can contribute to evolution and adaptation.
- What is the role of the G1 phase in interphase?The G1 phase is the first phase of interphase where the cell grows and makes proteins necessary for DNA replication.
- What happens during the G2 phase of interphase?During the G2 phase, the cell continues to grow and prepares for mitosis or meiosis by making necessary proteins and organelles.
- What is the main difference between meiosis I and meiosis II?Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes, while meiosis II separates sister chromatids.
- Why is meiosis considered a linear process rather than cyclic?Meiosis is considered linear because it does not regenerate the same types of cells but instead produces genetically diverse gametes.
- human gametes are produced by _____.Human gametes are produced by meiosis.
- which of these cells is (are) haploid?Gametes, such as sperm and egg cells, are haploid.
- which statement is true for all sexually reproducing plants and animals?All sexually reproducing plants and animals produce haploid gametes through meiosis, which fuse during fertilization to form a diploid zygote.
- which of these structures contains a male gametophyte?In plants, pollen grains contain the male gametophyte.
- which of the following is an advantage of sexual reproduction?An advantage of sexual reproduction is the generation of genetic diversity.
- which life cycle stage is found in plants but not animals?The gametophyte stage is found in plants but not in animals.
- in humans, what determines the sex of offspring, and why?In humans, the sex of offspring is determined by the sex chromosomes contributed by the sperm, which can be either X or Y.
- in pines, the female gametophyte contains _____, each of which contains a(n) _____.In pines, the female gametophyte contains archegonia, each of which contains an egg.