Introduction to DNA Cloning quiz Flashcards

Recombinant DNA is a molecule that contains DNA from two different sources, often from different species.

Bacterial plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that can be used as cloning vectors to carry a gene of interest into a host cell.

A cloning vector is a molecule, such as a plasmid, that can carry foreign DNA into a host cell.

The two general steps in DNA cloning are creating the recombinant DNA molecule and transforming the DNA molecule into a host cell.

Restriction enzymes are used to cut DNA during the creation of recombinant DNA.

DNA ligase is an enzyme that pastes or seals together DNA fragments to form a recombinant DNA molecule.

Transformation is the process of allowing a bacterial cell to uptake external recombinant DNA.

Recombinant DNA can be used to carry a gene of interest into a host cell, where it can be replicated and expressed.

The gene of interest is the specific gene that scientists want to clone and express in a host cell.

Bacterial host cells uptake recombinant DNA and replicate it, allowing for the production of the gene of interest.

The purpose of using a cloning vector is to introduce and replicate foreign DNA within a host cell.

The first step in creating recombinant DNA is cutting the DNA using restriction enzymes.

Ligation refers to the process of pasting or sealing DNA fragments together using DNA ligase.

The outcome is that the bacteria will contain and replicate the recombinant DNA, producing the gene of interest.

Restriction enzymes are compared to molecular scissors because they cut DNA at specific sites, similar to how scissors cut paper.