Flowers quiz Flashcards

The male reproductive structure is called the stamen, and the female reproductive structure is called the carpal.

The stamen is composed of the filament and the anther.

The anther contains the microsporangium, which produces microspores.

The stigma is the tip of the carpal where pollen lands and is received during the reproductive process.

The style is the pathway that leads from the stigma to the ovary.

The ovary contains ovules, which receive sperm from the male portions of flowers.

The nectary secretes nectar, a sugary solution that attracts pollinators.

Pollen is the male gametophyte that allows for diverse methods of connecting sperm and egg, and it is surrounded by a watertight coating made of sporopollenin.

Double fertilization involves one sperm fertilizing the egg to form the embryo, and another sperm interacting with polar nuclei to form endosperm.

Monoecious plants have both male and female flowers on the same plant, while dioecious plants have male and female flowers on separate plants.

Self-incompatibility is a genetic mechanism that prevents self-pollination, encouraging outcrossing.

Cotyledons are embryonic leaves, with monocots having one cotyledon and eudicots having two.

The endosperm is a nutrient-rich tissue that surrounds the embryo and provides it with starch, protein, and oil.

Coevolution is when the evolution of one species influences the evolution of another, such as between pollinators and the flowers they pollinate.

The pollen tube grows through the style to connect to the ovule and transmit male gametes or sperm.

Vegetative reproduction is a form of asexual reproduction in plants that results in genetically identical offspring or clones.

Rhizomes are underground stems that produce new individuals, while stolons are above-ground stems that also produce new individuals.

Apomixis is the formation of seeds without fertilization, resulting in clone offspring.

Fragmentation is a form of asexual reproduction where plant fragments develop into mature organisms.

Vegetative propagation is the human-assisted process of growing new plants from cuttings or clippings.

Sepals protect the flower buds and are generally green.

The calyx is the entire group of sepals and the cup-like structure they connect to.

The corolla is the entire group of petals in a flower.

The male reproductive structures are called stamen, and the female reproductive structures are called carpals.

The anther contains the microsporangium, which produces microspores.

The stigma is the tip of the carpal where pollen lands and is received during reproduction.

The ovary contains ovules, which receive sperm and develop into seeds after fertilization.