Endomembrane System: Protein Secretion exam Flashcards

A group of membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotic cells that work together to modify, package, and transport lipids and proteins.

The rough ER modifies proteins synthesized by ribosomes on its surface.

A rounded structure that contains and protects most of a eukaryotic cell's DNA.

The Golgi apparatus processes, modifies, and repackages proteins for distribution.

Tiny membrane bubbles that transport materials within the endomembrane system.

The smooth ER synthesizes lipids and detoxifies drugs and poisons.

The process by which proteins are released into the environment or surroundings of the cell.

A double membrane barrier that surrounds the nucleus and separates its contents from the cytoplasm.

A type of endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes, involved in protein modification.

Tiny holes in the nuclear envelope that allow the entry and exit of materials into and out of the nucleus.

A type of endoplasmic reticulum that is ribosome-free and involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification.

The internal space or compartment of the endoplasmic reticulum.

A stack of flat membranous sacs that processes, modifies, and repackages molecules for distribution.

The receiving end of the Golgi apparatus where vesicles deliver their contents.

A small dense structure within the nucleus where ribosomes are assembled.

The shipping end of the Golgi apparatus where modified contents are repackaged into vesicles for export.

Non-membranous organelles that perform translation, the process of making proteins.

Vesicles transport proteins from the ER to the Golgi apparatus and then to the cell membrane for secretion.

Flat membranous sacs that make up the Golgi apparatus.

The nucleus stores DNA, which is transcribed into RNA, the first step in protein synthesis.

A membranous structure continuous with the nuclear envelope, involved in protein and lipid synthesis.

Rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and modifies proteins, while smooth ER is ribosome-free and synthesizes lipids.

The double membrane that surrounds the nucleus and acts as its barrier.

Ribosomes on the rough ER synthesize proteins that are then modified within the ER.

Proteins are modified, repackaged, and prepared for distribution to different parts of the cell or for secretion.

The process by which RNA is used to build proteins, occurring at the ribosomes.

The ER lumen is where newly built proteins fold and are modified.