Chemiosmosis exam Flashcards

The diffusion of hydrogen ions across a semipermeable membrane, driven by a concentration gradient established by the electron transport chain.

ATP synthase

An enzyme that synthesizes ATP through oxidative phosphorylation by facilitating the movement of hydrogen ions across a membrane.

The movement of hydrogen ions from high to low concentration.

A process that uses the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis to produce ATP.

It builds a hydrogen ion concentration gradient.

A gradient established by the electron transport chain that has high potential energy used in chemiosmosis.

Oxygen gas, which reacts to form water.

It indicates that ATP synthase is an enzyme.

The area where the hydrogen ion concentration is high during chemiosmosis.

The area where the hydrogen ion concentration is low during chemiosmosis.

ATP

Reactions that transfer electrons and are involved in the electron transport chain.

The concentration gradient established by the electron transport chain.

Energy stored in the hydrogen ion concentration gradient.

Oxidative phosphorylation

Electron carriers that donate electrons to the electron transport chain.

It provides energy for various cellular processes.

A membrane that allows certain ions or molecules to pass through it by diffusion.

Chemiosmosis powers the synthesis of ATP by ATP synthase.

A series of protein complexes that transfer electrons and pump hydrogen ions to create a concentration gradient.

They combine with oxygen to form water.

The addition of a phosphate group to a molecule, such as ADP to form ATP.

To generate ATP by using the energy from the hydrogen ion gradient.

Primarily achieved through processes like chemiosmosis and oxidative phosphorylation.

It provides the potential energy needed to synthesize ATP.

The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Water is formed when oxygen accepts electrons at the end of the chain.