C3, C4 & CAM Plants definitions Flashcards

Plants that use the Calvin cycle for carbon fixation, making them prone to photorespiration in hot, dry conditions due to stomatal closure.

Plants that minimize photorespiration by fixing CO₂ into a four-carbon compound in mesophyll cells, then transferring it to bundle-sheath cells for the Calvin cycle, enhancing efficiency in hot climates.

Plants that open stomata at night to fix CO₂ into 4-carbon compounds, storing them for daytime photosynthesis, minimizing water loss and photorespiration in hot, arid environments.

A series of biochemical reactions in the stroma of chloroplasts that convert CO₂ and energy from ATP and NADPH into glucose, forming the second stage of photosynthesis.

Microscopic pores on plant leaves and stems that regulate gas exchange and water loss by opening and closing, crucial for photosynthesis and transpiration.