Animal Development quiz Flashcards

The morula is an early stage embryo consisting of a solid ball of cells formed from the zygote through cleavage.

Indeterminate cleavage results in cells that can develop into a whole organism, while determinate cleavage results in cells committed to differentiation.

Cytoplasmic determinants are regulatory molecules unevenly distributed in the egg, leading to specialized cell formation during cleavage.

The blastocyst is the mammalian form of the blastula, a hollow ball of cells with a fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoel.

Trophoblast cells give rise to the chorion and placenta, which are support structures for the developing organism.

The inner cell mass in the blastocyst gives rise to the actual organism itself.

Gastrulation is the process where the blastocyst forms three germ layers, resulting in the formation of a gastrula.

The three germ layers are the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.

The ectoderm gives rise to the nervous system, skin, brain, eyes, and inner ear.

The mesoderm gives rise to organs, blood, bone, gonads, and soft tissues.

The endoderm forms the epithelial linings of the digestive tract, liver, pancreas, and lungs.

Organogenesis is the process of organ and tissue development from the germ layers.

Neurulation is the formation of nervous tissue from the primary germ layers, involving the development of the neural tube.

The notochord is a primitive backbone that induces the ectoderm to form the neural tube, which will develop into the brain and spinal cord.

Cell determination is the irreversible commitment of a cell to a specific developmental path, leading to a specific cell type.