A woman had several miscarriages. Her doctor suspected that a hormonal insufficiency was causing the lining of the uterus to break down, as it does during menstruation, terminating her pregnancies. Treatment with which of the following might help her remain pregnant? a. oxytocin b. follicle-stimulating hormone c. luteinizing hormone d. prolactin

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the hormone responsible for maintaining the uterine lining during pregnancy. This hormone prevents the lining from breaking down, which is crucial for sustaining a pregnancy.
2. Understand the role of oxytocin, which primarily triggers labor and milk ejection, and is not directly involved in maintaining the uterine lining.
3. Consider the function of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), which are primarily involved in the regulation of the reproductive processes such as the development of eggs and the stimulation of ovaries, but not in maintaining pregnancy after conception.
4. Examine the role of prolactin, which is known for its function in milk production and also has some influence on other reproductive functions, but is not the primary hormone responsible for maintaining the uterine lining during pregnancy.
5. Conclude that the hormone most likely to help maintain the uterine lining and prevent miscarriages by sustaining the pregnancy environment is not explicitly listed among the options provided, but understanding the roles of these hormones can guide towards effective treatment options.

Key Concepts

Hormonal Regulation of Menstruation

The menstrual cycle is regulated by a complex interplay of hormones, including estrogen and progesterone. These hormones prepare the uterine lining for potential implantation of an embryo. If hormonal levels are insufficient, the lining may break down prematurely, leading to miscarriage. Understanding this regulation is crucial for addressing issues related to pregnancy maintenance.

Progesterone's Role in Pregnancy

Progesterone is a key hormone produced by the ovaries after ovulation, essential for maintaining the uterine lining during early pregnancy. It prevents the uterus from contracting and supports the implantation of a fertilized egg. A deficiency in progesterone can lead to miscarriage, making it a critical focus in treating women with recurrent pregnancy loss.

Hormonal Treatments for Pregnancy Maintenance

Hormonal treatments, such as progesterone supplementation, are often used to support women with hormonal insufficiencies during early pregnancy. These treatments aim to stabilize the uterine lining and reduce the risk of miscarriage. Understanding which hormones are involved and their specific roles helps in selecting appropriate therapies for women experiencing pregnancy complications.