So here we have an example problem that wants us to appropriately match each term on the left-hand side over here to their correct definition over here on the right-hand side. And of course, there are many different ways we can approach this, but the way that I'm going to approach this is by starting with the definitions and matching them to their terms as we go down. So number 1 here says the ability of a species to survive and pass its genetic material onto offspring. Now this matches with fitness, and so we can put 1 here next to fitness. Recall that the term fitness refers to the organism's ability to survive and reproduce, which means they survive and pass on their genetic material to their offspring.
Now we can cross off 1 and move on to 2. 2 says the principle that 2 or more organisms with the same niche cannot permanently coexist. And so if they have the same niche, that means that they are completely overlapping niches, and they cannot permanently coexist in the same community. And so this principle is the competitive exclusion principle. So Roman numeral II goes here, and we can cross that off and move on to 3.
3 says the range of resources used by an organism due to competition. Now this range of resources is going to be the niche. And so the niche that an organism has due to competition is going to be the smaller realized niche. And so 3 here matches with realized niche, and we can cross that off. Now 4 says species evolve new traits in order to avoid competition.
Now the evolution of those new traits is going to be character displacement, which is the end result or the outcome of resource partitioning. And resource partitioning is going to be the last one here, number 5, which says species niches diverge from one another to avoid competition and increase fitness. So that will be 5. So that here concludes this example problem, and I'll see you in our next video.