For this example, it says to fill in the Venn diagram below with statements from the box. If a statement applies to mutations that create both new alleles and new genes, we want to place it in the overlapping section of the two circles. So here we have our Venn diagram, and on one side we have new alleles, the other side it says new genes, and in the middle it says both. So let's go through our statements. So statement a here, it says these can come from a change in the composition of chromosomes.
What do you think? New alleles, new genes, or both? Generally, when we think about changing the composition of chromosomes, we mentioned those chromosomal duplications, the gene duplication events, that is something that can cause new genes. So I'm gonna put an a here. Technically, there are ways that chromosomal mutations can cause new alleles, but that's not what we focused on. And generally, we think of those large-scale mutations causing new genes.
Next, we have b, can be created from changes to a small number of base pairs in the DNA sequence. What do you think? New alleles, new genes, or both? If we're just talking about a small number of changes to a DNA sequence, that's not going to give you a whole new gene. For a new gene, you need a whole new sequence on the chromosome somewhere. So that's going to be new alleles. I'll put my b over here.
The next one here, it says it's going to increase genetic variability. What do you think? New alleles, new genes, or both? Well, I think both new genes and new alleles, well, they can both increase genetic variability.
Next, we have can introduce DNA from a different species. Alright. So when DNA is introduced from a new species, is that likely to give you new alleles or new genes? Well, from a completely different species, it's likely that they have different genes. So that is likely to give you whole new genes. So I'm gonna put d over here in my new genes side of the circle.
And then finally, we have can be created by gene duplications. So what do you think? New alleles, new genes, or both? Well, we sort of already said that. That's going to be those new genes can be created from gene duplications. I'm gonna put my e on that side there.
Alright, more practice after this. Give it a try.