Mutations in what class of genes have probably been responsible for many of the changes leading to the great diversity of life existing today?

• A. DNA repair genes
• B. Genes that regulate mitosis
• C. Genes for digestive enzymes
• D. Genes for aerobic respiration
• E. Developmental genes

Answer: (E)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of developmental genes: These genes are crucial in controlling the growth and development of organisms, influencing the formation of structures and organs during embryonic development.
2. Recognize the impact of mutations: Mutations in developmental genes can lead to significant changes in an organism's phenotype, potentially resulting in new traits that can be subject to natural selection.
3. Consider evolutionary implications: Mutations in developmental genes can lead to variations that may provide adaptive advantages, contributing to the diversity of life forms over time.
4. Compare with other gene classes: DNA repair genes maintain genetic integrity, genes regulating mitosis control cell division, and genes for digestive enzymes and aerobic respiration are involved in metabolic processes. These do not directly lead to morphological diversity.
5. Conclude the significance: Developmental genes, due to their role in shaping the physical and functional traits of organisms, are likely responsible for the evolutionary changes leading to the diversity of life.