Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
PCR is a molecular biology technique used to amplify specific DNA sequences. It involves repeated cycles of denaturation, annealing, and extension, allowing for exponential replication of the target DNA. Each cycle theoretically doubles the amount of DNA, making it a powerful tool for genetic analysis and research.
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Exponential Growth in PCR
In PCR, the amount of DNA increases exponentially with each cycle. After 'n' cycles, the amount of DNA can be calculated using the formula 2^n, where 'n' is the number of cycles. Therefore, with 25 cycles, the DNA amount would increase by 2^25, illustrating the rapid amplification capability of this technique.
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Limitations of PCR Amplification
While PCR can amplify DNA exponentially, there are limitations such as enzyme efficiency, reaction conditions, and the presence of inhibitors. These factors can affect the actual yield of DNA, meaning that the theoretical predictions may not always match the practical outcomes. Understanding these limitations is crucial for interpreting PCR results accurately.
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