What did Darwin observe about species on islands?

• A. They are rarely endemic.
• B. They are often closely related to species from similar ecological niches all over the world.
• C. Darwin only studied the Galápagos and, therefore, could not develop many insights about species on islands.
• D. None of the listed responses is correct.
• E. They are often closely related to species from the nearest mainland or neighboring islands.

Answer: (E)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of endemism: Endemic species are those that are found in a particular area and nowhere else in the world. Islands often have unique conditions that lead to the development of endemic species.
2. Consider the geographical isolation of islands: Islands are isolated from other land masses, which can lead to species evolving independently from their mainland relatives.
3. Examine Darwin's observations: Darwin noted that species on islands often resemble species from the nearest mainland or neighboring islands, suggesting a common ancestry.
4. Explore the role of ecological niches: While island species may be closely related to mainland species, they often adapt to fill different ecological niches due to the unique environment of the island.
5. Reflect on the significance of Darwin's studies: Darwin's observations on the Galápagos Islands contributed to his theory of natural selection, highlighting how isolation and environmental factors drive evolutionary change.