In science, a theory is a(n)
a. Educated guess
b. Inference based on a lack of scientific evidence
c. Idea with little experimental support
d. Body of scientifically acceptable general principles
e. Statement of fact

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Begin by understanding the definition of a scientific theory. In science, a theory is not a mere guess or unsupported idea; it is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world.
2. Step 2: Recognize that scientific theories are based on a body of evidence collected through observation, experimentation, and analysis. They are supported by repeated testing and are widely accepted within the scientific community.
3. Step 3: Eliminate options that do not align with the rigorous nature of scientific theories. For example, options like 'educated guess' or 'idea with little experimental support' do not reflect the depth of evidence required for a scientific theory.
4. Step 4: Consider the role of scientific principles in forming a theory. A theory often integrates and explains a set of scientifically acceptable general principles that help predict and understand phenomena.
5. Step 5: Based on the above reasoning, identify the correct option that aligns with the definition of a scientific theory: 'a body of scientifically acceptable general principles.'

Key Concepts

Scientific Theory

A scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of evidence and repeated testing. It is not merely a guess or hypothesis; rather, it integrates and generalizes many observations and experimental results. Theories can evolve over time as new evidence emerges, but they remain robust frameworks for understanding phenomena.

Hypothesis vs. Theory

A hypothesis is a testable prediction or educated guess that can be investigated through experimentation, while a theory is a comprehensive explanation that has been validated through extensive research and evidence. Understanding the distinction between these two concepts is crucial, as it highlights the progression from initial ideas to well-supported scientific conclusions.

Scientific Evidence

Scientific evidence refers to the data and observations collected through experiments and research that support or refute a theory or hypothesis. This evidence must be reproducible and peer-reviewed to be considered credible. The strength of a scientific theory is often determined by the amount and quality of evidence backing it, making evidence a cornerstone of scientific inquiry.