Recombinant DNA techniques are used to custom-build bacteria for two main purposes: to obtain multiple copies of certain genes and to obtain useful proteins produced by certain genes. Give an example of each of these applications in medicine and agriculture.

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1. Identify a gene of interest that is relevant to medicine, such as the insulin gene, which is crucial for treating diabetes. Explain how the gene can be isolated and inserted into a bacterial plasmid.
2. Discuss the process of transformation, where the recombinant plasmid is introduced into bacterial cells, allowing them to produce the protein encoded by the inserted gene, such as insulin.
3. Provide an example in agriculture, such as the gene for Bt toxin (from Bacillus thuringiensis), which is used to create genetically modified crops that are resistant to pests.
4. Explain how the Bt toxin gene can be inserted into the DNA of crop plants, and how this modification helps the plants to produce their own pest-resistant toxin, reducing the need for chemical pesticides.
5. Summarize the benefits of using recombinant DNA technology in both medicine and agriculture, highlighting how it allows for the production of beneficial proteins and enhances crop protection.