So here we have an example problem that's asking what is the inheritance pattern of the following pedigree over here on the right hand side. And we've got these 5 potential answer options down below. Now right off the bat, we know that we can probably eliminate answer option e since we didn't really talk a lot about Y-linked disorders in our previous lesson videos. Now, one of the first things that you want to try to do to eliminate any of the X-linked disorders is to look at the distribution of the disorder across males and females. And so when you count up all of the individuals that are affected and not affected, what you'll realize is that there are 5 females that are affected, and there are 7 males that are affected. Again, the females are the shaded circles, the affected females are the shaded circles, and the affected males are the shaded squares. And so there are 5 shaded circles and 7 shaded squares, and that's pretty close to each other. So because there's not a massive distribution here between males and females, then we might eliminate the X-linked patterns of inheritance. So that limits us to either an autosomal dominant or an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. And recall that one of the key features of autosomal dominant is that it is found in pretty much every generation. It tends to be found in every generation. And so when you look across generation 1, you can see that it is certainly found here. You look across generation 2 and at first glance it does seem to be found in this generation. But what you'll realize is that individual number 7 here is not actually linked vertically to these parents, which means that this individual 7 is actually coming from another family. And so really, what we can see is that there has been a skip in the generation for the individuals that are connected vertically here. And so a skip in the generation is a symbol of or a sign of autosomal recessive, and it turns out that this is actually the case for this problem. And so what you can see is that the disorder is in generation 1, it skips generation 2, and then it's found in generation 3. And down below here, you can kinda see over here that it skips this entire side over here in this generation. And the only reason that it may not have skipped over here is that there was an individual that was also affected, that came into play. But again, this is how we can also determine that it is autosomal recessive. Now another way to check for this is we know that autosomal recessive means that the individuals must be homozygous recessive in order to have the disorder. And so you could just put in some letters in here to figure this out and of course, the individuals that are not affected must have at least one dominant allele. So you could do that throughout and then just see if this holds consistency throughout the entire thing. And you could perform pedigrees to check to ensure that it is actually possible for this pattern of inheritance to exist throughout this pedigree. But again, the easiest way is to just check for these clues such as the skipping of a generation or the presence of the disorder in every generation. And so this here concludes this example, and we'll be able to get some more practice applying these concepts as we move forward in our course. So I'll see you all in our next video.