In this video, we're going to briefly introduce lactic acid fermentation. Lactic acid fermentation is really just when pyruvate is reduced by NADH to form lactic acid or lactate, along with NAD+ that's ultimately going to help drive glycolysis. Notice in our image, we're showing you lactic acid fermentation, and notice that when there's absolutely no oxygen, the normal processes that we've talked about for aerobic cellular respiration such as pyruvate oxidation, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain in chemiosmosis cannot occur. However, glycolysis is going to be able to occur, and the reason for that is because lactic acid fermentation, represented by this red arrow, is going to ultimately generate lactic acid or lactate, and the pyruvate here is going to get reduced instead of being oxidized like it was normally with step 2 of aerobic cellular respiration. So, the pyruvate is going to get reduced because it's going to be gaining electrons and ultimately it's going to be converted to lactic acid. Through this lactic acid fermentation, the big part is that it regenerates the NAD+, the empty electron taxicab. This empty electron taxicab, the NAD+, is needed in order for glycolysis to continue forward, and so ultimately, lactic acid fermentation is allowing for glycolysis to proceed forward even in the absence of oxygen, and glycolysis is able to produce a small amount of ATP, just 2 ATP molecules, and a little bit is certainly better than no ATP molecules. Lactic acid fermentation will allow for a small amount of ATP to be made via glycolysis. Lactic acid fermentation is actually going to occur in human muscle cells but also it can occur in bacteria as well, and when it does occur in bacteria, this is what gives yogurt its sour taste. Notice down below on the right-hand side of the image, we're showing you a human muscle here to remind you that lactic acid fermentation will actually occur in our muscle cells when we're doing extraneous exercise, and our muscles are low on oxygen. Lactic acid fermentation will occur, and our muscles are able to still produce a little bit of energy via ATP, but that small amount of ATP produced via glycolysis is not going to be enough to sustain our muscle cells, and so it can only occur for a small amount of time, and then we'll have to stop performing the exercise so that we can get more oxygen and allow our normal aerobic cellular respiration to take place. But also, lactic acid fermentation can also occur in bacteria that are found in yogurt, and that gives yogurt, once again, its sour taste. This concludes our brief introduction to lactic acid fermentation, and in our next video, we'll get to talk about alcohol fermentation. So, I'll see you all there.
Table of contents
- 1. Introduction to Biology2h 40m
- 2. Chemistry3h 40m
- 3. Water1h 26m
- 4. Biomolecules2h 23m
- 5. Cell Components2h 26m
- 6. The Membrane2h 31m
- 7. Energy and Metabolism2h 0m
- 8. Respiration2h 40m
- 9. Photosynthesis2h 49m
- 10. Cell Signaling59m
- 11. Cell Division2h 47m
- 12. Meiosis2h 0m
- 13. Mendelian Genetics4h 41m
- Introduction to Mendel's Experiments7m
- Genotype vs. Phenotype17m
- Punnett Squares13m
- Mendel's Experiments26m
- Mendel's Laws18m
- Monohybrid Crosses16m
- Test Crosses14m
- Dihybrid Crosses20m
- Punnett Square Probability26m
- Incomplete Dominance vs. Codominance20m
- Epistasis7m
- Non-Mendelian Genetics12m
- Pedigrees6m
- Autosomal Inheritance21m
- Sex-Linked Inheritance43m
- X-Inactivation9m
- 14. DNA Synthesis2h 27m
- 15. Gene Expression3h 20m
- 16. Regulation of Expression3h 31m
- Introduction to Regulation of Gene Expression13m
- Prokaryotic Gene Regulation via Operons27m
- The Lac Operon21m
- Glucose's Impact on Lac Operon25m
- The Trp Operon20m
- Review of the Lac Operon & Trp Operon11m
- Introduction to Eukaryotic Gene Regulation9m
- Eukaryotic Chromatin Modifications16m
- Eukaryotic Transcriptional Control22m
- Eukaryotic Post-Transcriptional Regulation28m
- Eukaryotic Post-Translational Regulation13m
- 17. Viruses37m
- 18. Biotechnology2h 58m
- 19. Genomics17m
- 20. Development1h 5m
- 21. Evolution3h 1m
- 22. Evolution of Populations3h 52m
- 23. Speciation1h 37m
- 24. History of Life on Earth2h 6m
- 25. Phylogeny2h 31m
- 26. Prokaryotes4h 59m
- 27. Protists1h 12m
- 28. Plants1h 22m
- 29. Fungi36m
- 30. Overview of Animals34m
- 31. Invertebrates1h 2m
- 32. Vertebrates50m
- 33. Plant Anatomy1h 3m
- 34. Vascular Plant Transport2m
- 35. Soil37m
- 36. Plant Reproduction47m
- 37. Plant Sensation and Response1h 9m
- 38. Animal Form and Function1h 19m
- 39. Digestive System10m
- 40. Circulatory System1h 57m
- 41. Immune System1h 12m
- 42. Osmoregulation and Excretion50m
- 43. Endocrine System4m
- 44. Animal Reproduction2m
- 45. Nervous System55m
- 46. Sensory Systems46m
- 47. Muscle Systems23m
- 48. Ecology3h 11m
- Introduction to Ecology20m
- Biogeography14m
- Earth's Climate Patterns50m
- Introduction to Terrestrial Biomes10m
- Terrestrial Biomes: Near Equator13m
- Terrestrial Biomes: Temperate Regions10m
- Terrestrial Biomes: Northern Regions15m
- Introduction to Aquatic Biomes27m
- Freshwater Aquatic Biomes14m
- Marine Aquatic Biomes13m
- 49. Animal Behavior28m
- 50. Population Ecology3h 41m
- Introduction to Population Ecology28m
- Population Sampling Methods23m
- Life History12m
- Population Demography17m
- Factors Limiting Population Growth14m
- Introduction to Population Growth Models22m
- Linear Population Growth6m
- Exponential Population Growth29m
- Logistic Population Growth32m
- r/K Selection10m
- The Human Population22m
- 51. Community Ecology2h 46m
- Introduction to Community Ecology2m
- Introduction to Community Interactions9m
- Community Interactions: Competition (-/-)38m
- Community Interactions: Exploitation (+/-)23m
- Community Interactions: Mutualism (+/+) & Commensalism (+/0)9m
- Community Structure35m
- Community Dynamics26m
- Geographic Impact on Communities21m
- 52. Ecosystems2h 36m
- 53. Conservation Biology24m
8. Respiration
Fermentation & Anaerobic Respiration
Video duration:
3mPlay a video:
Related Videos
Related Practice
Fermentation & Anaerobic Respiration practice set
