Translation results in the production of                   . a. RNA; b. DNA; c. protein; d. individual amino acids; e. transfer RNA molecules

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the biological process being described in the question. The process mentioned is 'translation'.
2. Understand that translation is a key part of protein synthesis where the sequence of bases in mRNA is decoded to produce a specific protein.
3. Recognize that during translation, ribosomes read the mRNA sequence and use it to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain, which then folds into a functional protein.
4. Review the answer choices and determine which one directly results from the process of translation.
5. Select the answer choice that corresponds to the molecule that is synthesized as a direct result of the translation process.

Key Concepts

Translation

Translation is the biological process in which ribosomes synthesize proteins by decoding the messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence. During this process, the ribosome reads the mRNA codons, and transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules bring the corresponding amino acids to form a polypeptide chain, ultimately folding into a functional protein.

Role of mRNA

Messenger RNA (mRNA) serves as the template for translation, carrying genetic information from DNA to the ribosome. It is transcribed from DNA and contains codons, which are sequences of three nucleotides that specify which amino acids will be added during protein synthesis, guiding the assembly of the protein.

Amino Acids and Proteins

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, linked together by peptide bonds to form polypeptides. The sequence of amino acids in a protein determines its structure and function, making the correct translation of mRNA essential for producing functional proteins that perform various roles in the cell.