List the structural features in a prokaryotic cell.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the cell type in the image. This is an eukaryotic cell, not a prokaryotic cell, as it contains a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
2. Note that prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. They have a simpler structure compared to eukaryotic cells.
3. List the structural features of a prokaryotic cell: 1. Cell membrane, 2. Cell wall, 3. Cytoplasm, 4. Ribosomes, 5. Nucleoid region (where the DNA is located).
4. Additional features that may be present in prokaryotic cells include: 1. Plasmids (small DNA molecules), 2. Flagella (for movement), 3. Pili (for attachment and conjugation).
5. Compare the features of the eukaryotic cell in the image with those of a prokaryotic cell to understand the differences in their structures.

Key Concepts

Prokaryotic Cell Structure

Prokaryotic cells are unicellular organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles. Their structure typically includes a cell membrane, a rigid cell wall, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and genetic material in the form of a single circular DNA molecule. Understanding these features is essential for distinguishing prokaryotes from eukaryotes, which have more complex structures.

Cell Membrane

The cell membrane, or plasma membrane, is a phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the cell, providing structural support and regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell. It is selectively permeable, allowing essential nutrients to enter while keeping harmful substances out. This feature is crucial for maintaining homeostasis within the cell.

Ribosomes

Ribosomes are the molecular machines responsible for protein synthesis in all living cells. In prokaryotes, ribosomes are smaller than those in eukaryotes and float freely in the cytoplasm. They translate messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains, which then fold into functional proteins, playing a vital role in the cell's metabolism and function.