The purpose of the xylem is to __________.

• A. transport water and minerals from shoots to roots
• B. transport sugar from sources to sinks
• C. transport sugar from sinks to sources
• D. increase root surface area for water and mineral absorption
• E. transport water and minerals from roots to shoots

Answer: (E)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the function of xylem in plants: Xylem is a type of vascular tissue in plants that is primarily responsible for the transport of water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.
2. Identify the direction of transport: Xylem moves water and minerals upward, from the roots to the shoots, which includes stems and leaves.
3. Differentiate xylem from phloem: While xylem transports water and minerals, phloem is responsible for transporting sugars and other organic nutrients, typically from sources (like leaves) to sinks (like roots or fruits).
4. Consider the structure of xylem: Xylem consists of specialized cells such as tracheids and vessel elements, which are adapted to facilitate the efficient movement of water through the plant.
5. Apply this understanding to the options given: The correct function of xylem is to transport water and minerals from roots to shoots, which matches the first option provided in the problem.