Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biology2h 42m
2. Chemistry3h 40m
3. Water1h 26m
4. Biomolecules2h 23m
5. Cell Components2h 26m
6. The Membrane2h 31m
7. Energy and Metabolism2h 0m
8. Respiration2h 40m
9. Photosynthesis2h 49m
10. Cell Signaling59m
11. Cell Division2h 47m
12. Meiosis2h 0m
13. Mendelian Genetics4h 44m
14. DNA Synthesis2h 27m
15. Gene Expression3h 20m
16. Regulation of Expression3h 31m
17. Viruses37m
- Viruses
  37m
18. Biotechnology2h 58m
19. Genomics17m
- Genomes
  17m
20. Development1h 5m
21. Evolution3h 1m
22. Evolution of Populations3h 52m
23. Speciation1h 37m
24. History of Life on Earth2h 6m
25. Phylogeny2h 31m
26. Prokaryotes4h 59m
27. Protists1h 12m
28. Plants1h 22m
29. Fungi36m
- Fungi
  19m
- Fungi Reproduction
  17m
30. Overview of Animals34m
- Overview of Animals
  34m
31. Invertebrates1h 2m
32. Vertebrates50m
33. Plant Anatomy1h 3m
34. Vascular Plant Transport1h 2m
- Water Potential
  1h 2m
35. Soil37m
- Soil and Nutrients
  20m
- Nitrogen Fixation
  16m
36. Plant Reproduction47m
- Flowers
  33m
- Seeds
  14m
37. Plant Sensation and Response1h 9m
38. Animal Form and Function1h 19m
39. Digestive System1h 10m
- Digestion
  1h 3m
- Blood Sugar Homeostasis
  7m
40. Circulatory System1h 57m
41. Immune System1h 12m
42. Osmoregulation and Excretion50m
- Osmoregulation and Excretion
  50m
43. Endocrine System1h 4m
- Endocrine System
  1h 4m
44. Animal Reproduction1h 2m
- Animal Reproduction
  1h 2m
45. Nervous System1h 55m
- Neurons and Action Potentials
  1h 8m
- Central and Peripheral Nervous System
  46m
46. Sensory Systems46m
- Sensory System
  46m
47. Muscle Systems23m
- Musculoskeletal System
  23m
48. Ecology3h 11m
49. Animal Behavior28m
- Animal Behavior
  28m
50. Population Ecology3h 41m
51. Community Ecology2h 46m
52. Ecosystems2h 36m
53. Conservation Biology24m
- Conservation Biology
  24m

7. Energy and Metabolism

Introduction to Metabolism

General Biology

7. Energy and Metabolism

Introduction to Metabolism

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0:50 minutes

Problem 1`

Textbook Question

Choose the pair of terms that correctly completes this sentence: Catabolism is to anabolism as is to .
a. exergonic; spontaneous
b. exergonic; endergonic
c. free energy; entropy
d. work; energy

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the terms 'catabolism' and 'anabolism'. Catabolism refers to the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy. Anabolism is the process of building complex molecules from simpler ones, requiring energy input.

Recognize that catabolic reactions are typically exergonic, meaning they release energy. Anabolic reactions are endergonic, meaning they require energy input.

Consider the analogy in the sentence: 'Catabolism is to anabolism as ___ is to ___'. This suggests a comparison between two pairs of processes or concepts.

Identify the correct pair of terms that reflects the energy dynamics of catabolism and anabolism. Since catabolism is exergonic, releasing energy, and anabolism is endergonic, requiring energy, the correct pair would be 'exergonic; endergonic'.

Review the options provided: a. exergonic; spontaneous, b. exergonic; endergonic, c. free energy; entropy, d. work; energy. Option b correctly reflects the energy relationship between catabolism and anabolism.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Catabolism

Catabolism refers to the metabolic pathways that break down molecules into smaller units, releasing energy in the process. It is typically associated with exergonic reactions, where energy is released as complex molecules are broken down into simpler ones, such as during cellular respiration.

Anabolism

Anabolism is the set of metabolic pathways that construct molecules from smaller units, requiring energy input. These processes are endergonic, meaning they consume energy to synthesize complex molecules like proteins and nucleic acids, essential for cell growth and repair.

Exergonic vs. Endergonic Reactions

Exergonic reactions are chemical processes that release energy, often associated with catabolic pathways. In contrast, endergonic reactions require an input of energy, characteristic of anabolic pathways. Understanding these terms helps in identifying how energy flows in biological systems, crucial for metabolism.