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Ch. 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue
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All textbooksErin C. Amerman 2nd EditionCh. 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous TissueProblem 11.10a

Chapter 11, Problem 11.10a

The trigger for exocytosis of synaptic vesicles from the presynaptic neuron is:


a. arrival of an action potential at the axon terminal and influx of calcium ions.

b. summation of IPSPs at the presynaptic neuron.

c. binding of neurotransmitters to the axon hillock.

d. influx of Na+ into the postsynaptic neuron.

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Hey, everyone. Let's take a look at this question together. What causes the synaptic vesicles to move toward the presynaptic membrane? Is it answer choice. A the influx of calcium ions. Answer choice B, the influx of neurotransmitters. Answer choice C when the action potential reaches the dendrites or answer choice D when the neurotransmitters bind two receptors in the post synaptic membrane. Let's work this problem out together to try to figure out which of the following answer choices explains what causes the synaptic vesicles to move toward the presynaptic membrane. So, in order to solve this question, we have to recall what we have learned about the synaptic vesicles and the presynaptic membrane to determine what causes these synaptic vesicles to move toward that pre synaptic membrane. And we can recall that when an action potential arrives at the axon terminal, the voltage gated calcium panels open which the opening of the voltage gated calcium channels results in the calcium ions entering the presynaptic terminal. And as a result of the calcium ions entering the presynaptic terminal, the influx of those calcium ions triggers the movement of the synaptic vesicles towards the presynaptic membrane. Therefore, the reason why the synaptic vesicles move toward the presynaptic membrane is due to answer choice. A the influx of calcium ions, which is the correct answer. And all other answer choices are incorrect. Since when the action potential arrives at the axon terminal and the voltage gated calcium channels open that calcium ion influx triggers that movement of the synaptic vesicles towards the presynaptic membrane. So answer choice A is the correct answer. I hope you found this video to be helpful. Thank you and goodbye.
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Textbook Question

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.


c. The Na+/K+ pumps and gated channels maintain the Na+ and K+ gradients necessary for action potentials to occur.

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Textbook Question

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.


d. A depolarization is a change in membrane potential that makes the potential less negative.

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Describe the three components of the neuromuscular junction.

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A drug that blocks Na+ channels in neurons does so not only in the axon but also in the dendrites and cell body. What overall effect would this have on action potential generation?

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The d​​rug neostigmine blocks the actions of acetylcholinesterase in the synaptic cleft. What effect would this have on synaptic transmission? What effects might you expect to see as a result of this drug?

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Textbook Question

Which of the following is not a method by which the effects of neurotransmitters are terminated?​​


a. Reuptake into the presynaptic neuron

b. Diffusion away from the synaptic cleft and uptake by glial cells

c. Movement back to the cell body by retrograde axonal transport

d. Degradation by enzymes in the synaptic cleft

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