Anatomical Terms for the Leg and Foot - Video Tutorials & Practice Problems
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concept
The Leg and Foot
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Video transcript
Alright. On to anatomical terms of the leg and thigh. Now quick reminder, every anatomy class has a slightly different list of anatomical terms that you need to know, so make sure you refer to your notes to know exactly which words you need to study. With that, I want to orient you to the picture here. This picture shows 2 legs, but specifically, the one on the left is the front of the leg and the thigh, and the one on the right is the back of the leg and thigh. So now, coxal. Coxal is your hip. If you touch your hips, you feel there's a bone there. That bone's part of your pelvis. Specifically, it's the coxal bone. Your coxal bone is your hip bone. Coxal region is your hip region. Next, we have femoral. Femoral is your thigh, and you may be familiar the large bone in your thigh is your femur. Your femur is in the femoral region, femoral thigh. Moving down the leg, we have the patella or the patellar region. That's going to be your kneecap. Now the kneecap, the bone is the patella, and it comes from the Latin meaning small or shallow dish. And if you look at the bone, you can sort of imagine it looking like a little saucer for a teacup or something like that. Now interestingly, the word paella, which is a terrifically delicious Spanish or Latin food, it also comes from that word patella. And it's called that because it's cooked in a shallow dish. So both patella, your kneecap, and paella, the food, come from the Latin term patella. Patellar is your kneecap. Now sticking with the knee, we're going to look over here to popliteal. Popliteal is the back of the knee, and I remember that one because that's it's back of the knee. It's that soft spot in the back of the knee. When I stand up, sometimes my knees pop. So when my knees pop, I say, hey, that's my popliteal region. Okay. Continue to move down. You'll note that the next two both have these red letters starting them, krill and surl. These sound similar and they refer to similar regions. So I think it's really good to learn them together and always say them together so you can keep them straight. Curl means the lower leg or really just between the the knee and the ankle, while surl refers to the back of the calf. So the way I keep that straight in my head, cURL, c become comes before s, so c talks about the curl region, talks about the entire region, whilst s comes after c, so surl just talks about the back of the region. It's just the back of the of the calf. Curl and surl. Next, we have pedal. Pedal is your foot. You can remember that because you pedal a bicycle with your pedal region. Both those words come from the same Latin root, pedal your foot. And lastly on this list, we have planter. Plantar is the bottom of the foot, and I remember that because I plant my feet on my plantar region. Okay. We've just learned 8 more anatomical terms, and I'll see you in the next video.
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example
Anatomical Terms for the Leg and Foot Example 1
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2m
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Video transcript
This example wants to know, based on the anatomical terms, where do you think the following injuries affect? And first up, we have a) plantar fasciitis. Take a second for that one. Alright. Planter. Remember, I plant my feet on my planter region, so the planter region is the bottom of the foot. Now you don't need to know the rest of this for this unit, but fascia fascia is connective tissue that surrounds muscles, binds muscles, and connects muscles to other things. So plantar fasciitis is a painful condition of the fascia of the bottom of the foot, makes it really painful to walk or sometimes even stand. Next up, we have a fascia crerest tear. See if you know that one. Alright. Keyword, crerous. Remember, you have your crural and surule region. I said remember those together. Curl and surl both relate to the lower leg, the place between the ankle and the knee. C comes before s, so it's that whole region. Surl, s comes after c, so it's just the back. So the cruris, we're talking about that whole lower leg. The fascia cruris is the connective tissue that separates the major muscles of your lower legs, for example, your calf from the muscles of the front of your leg. Alright. Next up, we have patellar tendinitis. See if you know that one. Alright. Patellar. Your patella is your kneecap, so patellar is the front of the knee, And tendinitis is just a painful condition of the tendons. You have a patellar tendon that connects your quad to your kneecap to the front of the lower leg. And then finally, we have a popliteal cis. See if you know that one. Alright. Remember, I like to say my knee pops. Popliteal is the back of the knee. So that's a cyst in the back of the knee. I guess you can pop a cyst too. That's kind of gross. All right. We have more practice problems below, and I'll see you in the next video.
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Problem
Problem
The posterior part of the knee is called:
A
Hallux
B
Patellar
C
Popliteal
D
Sural
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Problem
Problem
Which anatomical term refers to a region that is proximal to the crural region?
A
Digital
B
Tarsal
C
Patellar
D
Sural
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Problem
Problem
Based on the anatomical terms, the dorsalis pedis artery is likely associated with which structure?
A
Ankle
B
Back of the knee
C
Foot
D
Calf
6
concept
The Foot
Video duration:
2m
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Video transcript
We've reached our last set of anatomical terms for body regions, terms for the foot. Same disclaimer as always. Check your notes. Every professor, every class has a slightly different list they want you to know, so make sure you know what you need to study for your test. Alright. First up, we have tarsal. Tarsal is the ankle or the tarsal region is the ankle region and the tarsals are the ankle bones. Now I say here learn with carpal. If you remember, carpal is the wrist. The wrist and the ankle are pretty similar body regions and carpal and tarsal sound similar. So carpal wrist, tarsal is the ankle. Now if we go over here, we see metatarsal. Metatarsal is the bones of the foot. And if you remember the wrist, we had carpal, metacarpal, The same pattern here. Tarsal, metatarsal. You remember meta means after, and in this case, tarsal means ankle. So after the ankle, the metatarsal is the bones of the foot. Moving down, we have calcaneal. Calcanea is the heel and the calcaneus is the heel bone. Now that comes from calcanea, which is Latin for chalk. And I don't know about you, but if I look at my heel, the skin looks pretty white and chalky. So that helps me remember it. Calcaneal, heel. Moving down, we have hallux. Hallux is just Latin for your big toe, and the way I remember it is I say how has a luxuriously large big toe. Hal, lux, hallux, big toe. Finally, we have digital, and digital is just your toes. Now, you'll note we have the same word, digital, for your fingers and your toes. You count digits on your fingers, and if you run out of fingers to count on, well, you can keep counting on your toes. So the same word for fingers and toes, digital. With that, we have learned our anatomical terms for body regions. Good job, everybody.
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example
Anatomical Terms for the Leg and Foot Example 2
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1m
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Video transcript
This problem asks us to use our knowledge of anatomical terms to see if we can figure out where these four medical conditions affect in the body. So let's give a look. First off, we have hallux rigidus. Alright, see if you can figure that one out. Okay, hallux. Hallux we said Hal has a luxuriously large big toe, so hallux rigidus affects the big toe. Specifically, it's an arthritic condition of the big toe. Next, we have a calcaneal spur. Give yourself a second to figure that one out. Okay. Keyword there being calcaneal. Calcaneal is the heel. Calcaneus is the heel bone. So a calcaneal spur is just a bone spur on the heel. Next, we have metatarsalgia. See what you think about that. Alright. The key part of this word is meta tarsal, and we said meta means after, and tarsal means the ankle. So it's the bones after the ankle, which are the bones of the foot. Specifically, metatarsalgia is a painful condition of the ball of the foot. That's where those bones of the foot along the top of your foot, that's where they end. So metatarsalgia affects those bones of your foot. Then finally, we have tarsal tunnel syndrome. See what you think about that one. All right. Tarsal tunnel syndrome you've probably heard of carpal tunnel syndrome. Carpal tunnel syndrome affects your wrist, and I suggest you do remember carpal and tarsal together because they kind of sound together. Tarsal is your ankle. So you have a carpal tunnel. You also have a tarsal tunnel. And so tarsal tunnel syndrome affects your ankle. All right. With that, we have some practice problems below. Give them a try.
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Problem
Problem
You injure yourself and the doctor says you have a contusion in the hallux region. Based on your anatomical terms, what could be another name for this injury?
A
Stubbed big toe
B
Sprained ankle
C
Torn tendon in the knee
D
Broken leg
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Problem
Problem
Which structure is distal to the metatarsals?
A
Sural
B
Tarsal
C
Digital
D
Femoral
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