Carbohydrates definitions Flashcards

Carbon-based molecules hydrated with hydroxyl groups, serving as sugars or saccharides.

Single carbohydrate units, serving as monomers for larger carbohydrate structures.

Carbohydrates composed of 2-20 covalently linked monosaccharides.

Carbohydrates with more than 20 monosaccharide units, forming polymers.

Covalent bonds linking monosaccharides in carbohydrates.

Reaction forming polysaccharides by linking monosaccharides and releasing water.

Reaction breaking down polysaccharides into monosaccharides by cleaving glycosidic bonds.

The most abundant monosaccharide, fitting the formula C6H12O6.

A polysaccharide providing structural support in plant cell walls.

A structural polysaccharide found in the exoskeletons of insects and crustaceans.

A polysaccharide used for energy storage in plants.

A polysaccharide storing glucose in animal cells.

Another term for sugars, encompassing all carbohydrate types.

A primary function of carbohydrates, storing energy in forms like starch and glycogen.

A primary function of carbohydrates, providing structure in forms like cellulose and chitin.