Table of contents
- 1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology(94)
- What is Anatomy & Physiology?(4)
- Levels of Organization(5)
- Variation in Anatomy & Physiology(3)
- Introduction to Organ Systems(3)
- Homeostasis(6)
- Feedback Loops(2)
- Feedback Loops: Negative Feedback(3)
- Feedback Loops: Positive Feedback(2)
- Anatomical Position(4)
- Introduction to Directional Terms(4)
- Directional Terms: Up and Down(4)
- Directional Terms: Front and Back(4)
- Directional Terms: Body Sides(1)
- Directional Terms: Limbs(1)
- Directional Terms: Depth Within the Body(2)
- Introduction to Anatomical Terms for Body Regions(0)
- Anatomical Terms for the Head and Neck(4)
- Anatomical Terms for the Front of the Trunk(2)
- Anatomical Terms for the Back(4)
- Anatomical Terms for the Arm and Hand(4)
- Anatomical Terms for the Leg and Foot(4)
- Review- Using Anatomical Terms and Directions(0)
- Abdominopelvic Quadrants and Regions(5)
- Anatomical Planes & Sections(5)
- Organization of the Body: Body Cavities(3)
- Organization of the Body: Serous Membranes(3)
- Organization of the Body: Serous Membrane Locations(2)
- Organization of the Body: Thoracic Cavity(7)
- Organization of the Body: Abdominopelvic Cavity(3)
- 2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components(155)
- Atoms- Smallest Unit of Matter(5)
- Isotopes(5)
- Introduction to Chemical Bonding(5)
- Covalent Bonds(5)
- Noncovalent Bonds(2)
- Ionic Bonding(4)
- Hydrogen Bonding(4)
- Introduction to Water(2)
- Properties of Water- Cohesion and Adhesion(4)
- Properties of Water- Density(2)
- Properties of Water- Thermal(4)
- Properties of Water- The Universal Solvent(4)
- Acids and Bases(4)
- pH Scale(5)
- Carbon(3)
- Functional Groups(3)
- Introduction to Biomolecules(2)
- Monomers & Polymers(3)
- Carbohydrates(5)
- Proteins(6)
- Nucleic Acids(6)
- Lipids(6)
- Microscopes(3)
- Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells(3)
- Introduction to Eukaryotic Organelles(8)
- Endomembrane System: Protein Secretion(4)
- Endomembrane System: Digestive Organelles(2)
- Mitochondria & Chloroplasts(4)
- Endosymbiotic Theory(2)
- Introduction to the Cytoskeleton(6)
- Cell Junctions(2)
- Biological Membranes(6)
- Types of Membrane Proteins(2)
- Concentration Gradients and Diffusion(3)
- Introduction to Membrane Transport(2)
- Passive vs. Active Transport(4)
- Osmosis(2)
- Simple and Facilitated Diffusion(4)
- Active Transport(5)
- Endocytosis and Exocytosis(4)
- 3. Energy & Cell Processes(122)
- Introduction to Energy(3)
- Laws of Thermodynamics(4)
- Chemical Reactions(5)
- ATP(5)
- Enzymes(4)
- Enzyme Activation Energy(2)
- Enzyme Binding Factors(3)
- Enzyme Inhibition(3)
- Introduction to Metabolism(2)
- Redox Reactions(1)
- Introduction to Cellular Respiration(3)
- Types of Phosphorylation(2)
- Glycolysis(1)
- Pyruvate Oxidation(2)
- Krebs Cycle(3)
- Electron Transport Chain(3)
- Chemiosmosis(2)
- Review of Aerobic Cellular Respiration(2)
- Fermentation & Anaerobic Respiration(3)
- Introduction to Cell Division(5)
- Organization of DNA in the Cell(3)
- Introduction to the Cell Cycle(4)
- Interphase(4)
- Phases of Mitosis(3)
- Cytokinesis(3)
- Cell Cycle Regulation(5)
- Review of the Cell Cycle(0)
- Cancer(4)
- Introduction to DNA Replication(6)
- DNA Repair(3)
- Central Dogma(4)
- Introduction to Transcription(6)
- Steps of Transcription(3)
- Genetic Code(3)
- Introduction to Translation(6)
- Steps of Translation(4)
- Post-Translational Modification(3)
- 4. Tissues & Histology(90)
- Introduction to Tissues & Histology(6)
- Introduction to Epithelial Tissue(4)
- Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue(6)
- Structural Naming of Epithelial Tissue(5)
- Simple Epithelial Tissues(6)
- Stratified Epithelial Tissues(6)
- Identifying Types of Epithelial Tissue(4)
- Glandular Epithelial Tissue(6)
- Introduction to Connective Tissue(8)
- Classes of Connective Tissue(2)
- Introduction to Connective Tissue Proper(4)
- Connective Tissue Proper: Loose Connective Tissue(5)
- Connective Tissue Proper: Dense Connective Tissue(4)
- Specialized Connective Tissue: Cartilage(5)
- Specialized Connective Tissue: Bone(3)
- Specialized Connective Tissue: Blood(3)
- Introduction to Muscle Tissue(1)
- Types of Muscle Tissue(5)
- Introduction to Nervous Tissue(3)
- Nervous Tissue: The Neuron(4)
- 5. Integumentary System(62)
- 6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue(103)
- An Introduction to Bone and Skeletal Tissue(22)
- Gross Anatomy of Bone: Compact and Spongy Bone(3)
- Gross Anatomy of Bone: Periosteum and Endosteum(9)
- Gross Anatomy of Bone: Bone Marrow(4)
- Gross Anatomy of Bone: Short, Flat, and Irregular Bones(6)
- Gross Anatomy of Bones - Structure of a Long Bone(9)
- Microscopic Anatomy of Bones - Bone Matrix(6)
- Microscopic Anatomy of Bones - Bone Cells(35)
- Microscopic Anatomy of Bones - The Osteon(7)
- Microscopic Anatomy of Bones - Trabeculae(2)
- 7. The Skeletal System(81)
- 8. Joints(61)
- 9. Muscle Tissue(94)
- 10. Muscles(106)
- 11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System(65)
- 12. The Central Nervous System(122)
- 13. The Peripheral Nervous System(104)
- Introduction to the Peripheral Nervous System(35)
- Organization of Sensory Pathways(15)
- Introduction to Sensory Receptors(7)
- Sensory Receptor Classification by Modality(16)
- Sensory Receptor Classification by Location(5)
- Proprioceptors(3)
- Adaptation of Sensory Receptors(5)
- Introduction to Reflex Arcs(12)
- Reflex Arcs(6)
- 14. The Autonomic Nervous System(91)
- 15. The Special Senses(123)
- 16. The Endocrine System(127)
- 17. The Blood(109)
- 18. The Heart(91)
- 19. The Blood Vessels(123)
- 20. The Lymphatic System(41)
- 21. The Immune System(98)
- Introduction to the Immune System(1)
- Introduction to Innate Immunity(0)
- Introduction to First-Line Defenses(0)
- Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Skin(0)
- Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Mucous Membrane(4)
- First-Line Defenses: Chemical Barriers(0)
- First-Line Defenses: Normal Microbiota(0)
- Introduction to Cells of the Immune System(0)
- Cells of the Immune System: Granulocytes(0)
- Cells of the Immune System: Agranulocytes(0)
- Introduction to Cell Communication(0)
- Cell Communication: Surface Receptors & Adhesion Molecules(0)
- Cell Communication: Cytokines(0)
- Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs)(0)
- Introduction to the Complement System(0)
- Activation Pathways of the Complement System(0)
- Effects of the Complement System(0)
- Review of the Complement System(0)
- Phagocytosis(28)
- Introduction to Inflammation(0)
- Steps of the Inflammatory Response(0)
- Fever(0)
- Interferon Response(0)
- Review Map of Innate Immunity(0)
- Introduction to Adaptive Immunity(25)
- Antigens(3)
- Introduction to T Lymphocytes(21)
- Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules(0)
- Activation of T Lymphocytes(0)
- Functions of T Lymphocytes(0)
- Review of Cytotoxic vs Helper T Cells(0)
- Introduction to B Lymphocytes(0)
- Antibodies(0)
- Classes of Antibodies(6)
- Outcomes of Antibody Binding to Antigen(1)
- T Dependent & T Independent Antigens(0)
- Clonal Selection(0)
- Antibody Class Switching(0)
- Affinity Maturation(0)
- Primary and Secondary Response of Adaptive Immunity(0)
- Immune Tolerance(9)
- Regulatory T Cells(0)
- Natural Killer Cells(0)
- Review of Adaptive Immunity(0)
- 22. The Respiratory System(40)
- 23. The Digestive System(62)
- 24. Metabolism and Nutrition(14)
- Essential Amino Acids(14)
- Lipid Vitamins(0)
- Cellular Respiration: Redox Reactions(0)
- Introduction to Cellular Respiration(0)
- Cellular Respiration: Types of Phosphorylation(0)
- Cellular Respiration: Glycolysis(0)
- Cellular Respiration: Pyruvate Oxidation(0)
- Cellular Respiration: Krebs Cycle(0)
- Cellular Respiration: Electron Transport Chain(0)
- Cellular Respiration: Chemiosmosis(0)
- Review of Aerobic Cellular Respiration(0)
- Fermentation & Anaerobic Respiration(0)
- Gluconeogenesis(0)
- Fatty Acid Oxidation(0)
- Amino Acid Oxidation(0)
- 25. The Urinary System(116)
- 26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance(106)
- 27. The Reproductive System(38)
- 28. Human Development(3)
- 29. Heredity(30)
18. The Heart
Cardiac Cycle
18. The Heart
Cardiac Cycle: Study with Video Lessons, Practice Problems & Examples
24PRACTICE PROBLEM
Through which of the following valves does the blood leave the left ventricle?
Through which of the following valves does the blood leave the left ventricle?